机械5

摘要 本分析了摩擦试验机的现状和发展方向，详细介绍了摩擦实验机的工作原理以及在我国材料工程发展中的重要意义。 本次设计的摩擦试验机是模拟高速铁路运行时轮轨摩擦磨损的试验机。它是对环块式摩擦试验机的改进，主要有正压力加载系统、传动系统、控制系统三部分组成。本文将着重介绍其中的传动系统和压力加载系统。主机除了保留环块摩擦试验机的优点外，采用了更为稳定可靠的液压系统来进行正压力的加载，通过电动机带动主轴上的车轮旋转。压力是由液压系统通过液体工作介质驱动液压缸对试样加载压力。 该试验机能够在不同压力，不同速度情况下对摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能进行试验。因此它将会是一些企业和科研机构对材料性能进行测试、产品性能检验的重要实验工具。 关键词：摩擦试验机；液压加载；加载系统；传动系统 ABSTRACT This paper a
nalyzes the prese
nt situatio
n a
nd the developi
ng directio
n of frictio
n testi
ng machi
ne, frictio
n testi
ng machi
newas i
ntroduced i
n detail theworki
ng pri
nciple a
nd importa
nt sig
nifica
nce i
n the developme
nt of materials e
ngi
neeri
ng i
n our cou
ntry. The frictio
n tester of this desig
n is a test machi
ne that simulates the frictio
nwear of high-speed railway. It is a
n improveme
nt of the ri
ng frictio
n test machi
ne,which mai
nly co
nsists of three parts of the positive pressure loadi
ng system, tra
nsmissio
n system a
nd co
ntrol system. This article focuses o
n the tra
nsmissio
n system a
nd the pressure loadi
ng system. Host i
n additio
n to the adva
ntages of retai
ni
ng ri
ng piece of frictio
n testi
ng machi
ne, have adopted a more stable a
nd reliable hydraulic system for positive pressure load, through the motor drives thewheels o
n the spi
ndle rotatio
n. The pressure is drive
n by the hydraulic system through the liquidworki
ng medium a
nd the hydraulic cyli
nder is applied to the sample loadi
ng pressure. The test machi
ne ca
n test the frictio
nwear properties of the frictio
n material u
nder differe
nt pressure a
nd speed. Therefore, itwill be a
n importa
nt laboratory tool for the testi
ng a
nd testi
ng of material performa
nce by some e
nterprises a
nd scie
ntific i
nstitutio
ns. keywords：Frictio
n tester; Hydraulic loadi
ng; loadi
ng system; tra
nsmissio
n system 目录 1绪论1 1.1选题背景及意义1 1.2摩擦试验机及其分类1 1.3摩擦试验机发展现状2 1.4本主要研究内容3 2总体方案的设计4 2.1设计要求4 2.2主要设计参数4 2.3摩擦试验机的总体方案的设计5 3试验机主要系统的设计5 3.1传动系统的设计5 3.2传动系统的确定6 3.3加载系统的设计6 3.4加载系统的确定7 4摩擦试验机的设计计算7 4.1传动系统7 4.1.1工作压力的计算7 4.1.2试验机电机选择9 4.1.3主轴设计，校核以及联轴器选择11 4.2液压系统的设计15 4.2.1液压缸的设计15 4.2.2液压泵19 4.2.3液压控制元件20 4.2.4液压辅助元件20 4.2.5液压工作介质的选择21 4.2.6夹具22 总结23 致谢24 参考文献25