机械5

摘要 本设计以变电站为研究对象。变电站不仅仅是电力系统的一个重要的组成部分，而且也是电厂和用户之间的枢纽。主电路电气配线的设计以及开发，要对整个变电站电气设备做出正确的选择，其中包括配电设备装置，继电保护和自动装置等设备。 在初步了解变电站的概念后，根据任务书上的要求，查阅相关的参考文献，进一步了解所需要做的事情。由线路和负载的相关参数，计算出相应的负荷，进行无功功率补偿。然后根据变电站的位置及出线方向来考虑，并对负荷进行数据分析，考虑安全性，经济性以及可靠性，确定10KV站以及电气主布线，之后通过负载计算和供给的范围，确定变压器的容量和台数以及型号，进行相关的短路电流计算。再根据设计要求选择断路器，隔离开关，变压器和保护装置的型号，最后还对相应的继电保护和防雷措施进行了简单的设计。 总而言之，一定要确保供电系统的安全和可靠性，在此基础上再考虑其经济性，从而完成变电所的设计。 关键词：主接线；数据分析；数据计算；变压器；可靠性 Abstract The desig
n of tra
nsformer substatio
n as the research object. Substatio
n is
not o
nly power system a
n importa
nt compo
ne
nt, a
nd is also a hub betwee
n the power pla
nts a
nd users. Mai
n circuit's electricalwiri
ng desig
n a
nd developme
nt, it is
necessary to make the right choice of thewhole substatio
n electrical equipme
nt, i
ncludi
ng power distributio
n equipme
nt, relay protectio
n a
nd automatio
n device, equipme
nt. After a prelimi
nary u
ndersta
ndi
ng of the co
ncept of the substatio
n, accordi
ng to the requireme
nts of the task book, refer to the releva
nt refere
nce, to further u
ndersta
nd the thi
ngs that
need to be do
ne. The correspo
ndi
ng load is calculated by the parameters of the li
ne a
nd the load, a
nd the reactive power compe
nsatio
n is carried out. After accordi
ng to the substatio
n locatio
n a
nd outlet directio
n to co
nsider, a
nd the load for data a
nalysis, co
nsider the safety, eco
nomy a
nd reliability, determi
ne the 10kV statio
n a
nd mai
n electricalwiri
ng, after through the load calculatio
n a
nd supply determi
ned tra
nsformer capacity a
nd
number of u
nits, a
nd types, related to the short-circuit curre
nt calculatio
n.Accordi
ng to the desig
n requireme
nts of the circuit breaker, isolati
ng switch, tra
nsformer a
nd the protectio
n of the device model, a
nd fi
nally to the correspo
ndi
ng protectio
n a
nd light
ni
ng protectio
n measures for a simple desig
n. I
n short,we must e
nsure the safety a
nd reliability of the power supply system, based o
n the co
nsideratio
n of its eco
nomy, so as to complete the desig
n of substatio
n. Keywords: mai
n co
n
nectio
n; data a
nalysis; calculatio
n data; tra
nsformer; reliability 目录 摘要I Abstract II 1绪论1 1.1设计背景1 1.2变电所的总体分析1 1.3设计思路1 2负荷计算3 2.1负荷分级及计算过程3 2.1.1负荷分级3 2.1.2负荷计算过程3 2.1.3 0.4kV侧负荷的计算4 3无功功率补偿7 3.1无功电源的组成及补偿装置的选择7 3.3无功补偿的确定7 4变电所位置和主变压器的选择9 4.1变电所位置确定的一般原则9 4.2变压器实际容量的计算9 4.3主变压器台数的确定以及型号的选择9 4.4主变压器的运行方式10 5主接线方式的选择11 5.1电气主接线设计的基本要求11 5.2主接线的设计11 6短路电流的计算12 6.1确定基准值12 6.2计算各元件电抗标幺值12 6.3 k-1故障点的短路电流计算13 6.4 k-2故障点的短路电流计算13 7变电所一次设备的选择与校验15 7.1变电所高压一次设备的介绍15 7.2一次设备的选择与校验的条件和项目15 7.3变电所10kV侧一次设备的选择17 7.4变电所380V低压一次设备的选择19 7.6变电所进出线的选择20 8继电保护及二次回路的选择23 8.1变电所二次回路方案的选择23 8.2继电保护装置23 8.2.1反时限过电流保护23 8.2.2电流速断保护24 8.3电力线路的继电保护设计25 9防雷保护的设计27 9.1避雷针的配置原则27 9.2防雷设计27 9.3确定最终的防雷方案28 结论与展望29 致谢30 参考文献31