微型货车钢板弹簧的结构设计与校核 摘要：中首先介绍了钢板弹簧的发展历程并且对其未来的发展趋势作出分析；然后分析了钢板弹簧对汽车造成的影响有哪些，比如平顺性和操作稳定性等方面；接着根据钢板弹簧各个结构的优缺点和具体车型的使用用途，对各主要零部件进行结构上的选型和计算； 因为钢板弹簧相较于其它的弹簧有结构简单，维修方便等优点所以在载货汽车上有普遍的应用。同时它的缺点是也使得它无法应用在独立悬架的汽车上，明显的缺点有钢板弹簧悬架具有较大的重量，较为长的纵向尺寸，同时有较强的刚度，使得舒适性相对来说也是较差，并且钢板弹簧悬架在与车架进行连接的部位也容易在使用中产生磨损。 在这次的设计中我们着重对微型货车的钢板弹簧进行结构设计，通过计算并绘制出图纸。 关键词：微型货车；钢板弹簧；结构设计；校核 Structure desig
n a
nd check core of micro steel plate spri
ng Abstract：First, the paper i
ntroduces the developme
nt of leaf spri
ng a
nd a
nalyzes its future developme
nt tre
nd The
n, it a
nalyzes the i
nflue
nce of leaf spri
ng o
n automobile, such as ride comfort a
nd operatio
n stability The
n the detailed desig
n steps a
nd desig
n requireme
nts of leaf spri
ng are described, a
nd the structure selectio
n a
nd calculatio
n of the mai
n parts are made The arc height a
nd curvature radius of the leaf spri
ng are calculated, a
nd the stre
ngth a
nd stiff
ness of the material is checked a
nd checked, a
nd the steel spri
ng is checked. Because the leaf spri
ng has the adva
ntages of simple structure a
nd co
nve
nie
nt mai
nte
na
nce compared to other spri
ngs, it has a commo
n applicatio
n i
n the truck. At the same time, its disadva
ntage is that it ca
n
not be applied o
n the automobile of the i
ndepe
nde
nt suspe
nsio
n, obvious disadva
ntage that the steel spri
ng suspe
nsio
n has a largerweight, the lo
ngitudi
nal size of the radiatio
n, a
nd the stiff
ness is relatively poor, a
nd the part of the steel spri
ng suspe
nsio
n is easy towear i
n use. I
n this desig
n,we focus o
n the structure desig
n of the leaf spri
ng of micro, calculate a
nd draw the drawi
ngs. Keywords：Micro； Sheet spri
ng； Structural desig
n； Check 目录 摘要.............................................................................................................................................I Abstract......................................................................................................................................II 1绪论..........................................................................................................................................1 1.1钢板弹簧的背景及意义......................................................................................................1 1.2国外的发展现状及发展趋势...............................................................................................1 1.3国内的发展现状及发展趋势...............................................................................................3 1.4研究意义和内容...................................................................................................................4 1.5本章小结...............................................................................................................................6 2钢板弹簧悬架总体方案分析..................................................................................................7 2.1钢板弹簧概述.......................................................................................................................7 2.2钢板弹簧悬架的基本结构和工作原理...............................................................................9 2.2.1钢板弹簧悬架基本结构....................................................................................................9 2.2.2钢板弹簧悬架工作原理..................................................................................................11 2.3钢板弹簧悬架系统总体结构方案确定.............................................................................11 2.4钢板弹簧悬架系统各主要零部件选型.............................................................................12 2.4.1叶片断面..........................................................................................................................12 2.4.2叶片端头的形状......................................................................................................13 2.4.3钢板弹簧与车架的连接形式的确定.............................................................................14 2.4.4吊耳及钢板弹簧销的结构.............................................................................................14 2.4.5钢板弹簧卷耳和衬套.....................................................................................................14 2.4.6弹簧夹箍.............................................................................................................14 2.4.7钢板弹簧中心螺栓.........................................................................................................14 2.5技术经济分析.........................................................................................................15 3钢板弹簧悬架系统主要性能参数的确定...................................................................16 3.1钢板弹簧悬架系统静挠度和动挠度的选择.....................................................................16 3.2车型主要参数的确定..............................................................................................16 4钢板弹簧悬架的计算和校核................................................................................................17 4.1初选参数.............................................................................................................................17 4.1.1主片长度...........................................................................................................17 4.1.2断面尺寸及片数的确定..................................................................................................17 4.2各片长度的确定.................................................................................................................19 4.3钢板弹簧各片预应力及弧高............................................................................................20 4.4总成在自由状态下及装配后的弧高................................................................................21 4.4.1.弹簧总成自由弧高的确定..............................................................................................21 4.4.2钢板弹簧总成装配后的弧高.........................................................................................21 4.5钢板弹簧强制动时强度校核.............................................................................................22 4.6钢板弹簧刚度和应力校核.................................................................................................22 5结论........................................................................................................................................23 参考文献..................................................................................................................................24 致谢.......................................................................................................................................25