机械5

摘要 冲压是利用安装在冲压设备（主要是压力机）上的模具对材料施加压力，使其产生分离或塑性变形，从而获得所需零件的一种压力加工方法。冲压通常是在常温下对材料进行冷变形加工，且主要采用板料来加工成所需零件，所以也叫冷冲压或板料冲压。冲压所使用的模具称为冲压模具，简称冲模。冲模是将材料（金属或非金属）批量加工成所需冲件的专用工具。冲模在冲压中至关重要，没有符合要求的冲模，批量冲压生产就难以进行；没有先进的冲模，先进的冲压工艺就难以实现。拉深是利用模具使平板毛坯变成为开口的空心零件的冲压方法，用拉深工艺可以制成筒形、阶梯形、锥形、抛物面形、盒形和其他不规则形状的薄壁零件，其中又以筒形件简单和多见，而有凸缘筒形件又分为宽凸缘和窄凸缘件。在拉深工艺设计时，必须知道冲压件能否一次拉出，这就引出了拉深系数的概念。拉伸系数决定于每次拉深时允许的极限变形程度。在多次拉深中，对于宽凸缘拉深件，则应在第一次拉深时，就拉成；零件所要求的凸缘直径，而在以后各次拉深中，凸缘直径保持不变。为了保证以后拉深时凸缘不变形，宽凸缘拉深件首次拉入凹模的材料应比零件最后拉深部分实际所需材料多3%~5%,这些多余材料在以后各次拉深中，逐渐将减少部分材料挤回到凸缘部分，使凸缘增厚，从而避免拉裂。 关键词：拉深拉深变形拉深力 ABSTRACT Stampi
ng is a method of applyi
ng pressure to a material by mea
ns of a mold mou
nted o
n a stampi
ng device(mai
nly a press) to cause separatio
n or plastic deformatio
n to obtai
n a desired pressure machi
ni
ng method for the desired part. Stampi
ng is usually at room temperature for cold deformatio
n of the material processi
ng, a
nd the mai
n use of sheet metal to be processed i
nto the required parts, it is also called cold stampi
ng or sheet metal stampi
ng. Stampi
ng used by the mold called stampi
ng die, referred to as die. Dies are special tools for batchi
ng materials(metal or
no
nmetal) i
nto the required pieces. Pu
nchi
ng i
n the stampi
ng is esse
ntial, did
not meet the requireme
nts of the die, batch stampi
ng productio
n is difficult to carry out;
no adva
nced die, adva
nced stampi
ng process is difficult to achieve. Deep drawi
ng is the use of mold to make the flat i
nto a hollow bla
nk parts of the stampi
ng method,with the drawi
ng process ca
n be made of cyli
ndrical, stepped, tapered, parabolic, box-shaped a
nd other irregular shape of the thi
n-walled parts, Which i
n tur
n cyli
ndrical a
nd simple a
nd more commo
n, a
nd a cyli
ndrical tube is divided i
ntowide fla
nge a
nd
narrow fla
nge pieces. I
n the drawi
ng process desig
n,we must k
nowwhether the stampi
ng out a pull,which leads to the co
ncept of drawi
ng coefficie
nt. The te
nsile modulus is determi
ned by the degree of ultimate deformatio
n allowed at each drawi
ng. I
n the deep drawi
ng, for thewide fla
nge drawi
ng parts, it should be i
n the first drawi
ng, it pulls; parts required fla
nge diameter, a
nd i
n the subseque
nt drawi
ng, the fla
nge diameter to mai
ntai
n co
nsta
nt. I
n order to e
nsure that the fla
nge after the deformatio
n is
not deformed,wide fla
nge drawi
ng parts for the first time i
nto the die material should be more tha
n the fi
nal part of the material required to extract the actual material 3% to 5%, these excess materials i
n the future Deep,will gradually reduce the part of the material squeezed back to the fla
nge part, so that the fla
nge thicke
ni
ng, so as to avoid cracki
ng. Keywords: drawi
ng die drawi
ng deformatio
n drawi
ng force 目录 第一章工艺分析1 1.1外屏蔽罩拉深膜工艺性分析1 1.1.1拉深件拉深变形特点1 1.1.2拉深件要求1 1.1.3拉深件工艺分析2 1.2材料的工艺性能3 第二章拉深工序计算4 2.1选定切边余量δ4 2.2.计算毛坯直径D4 2.3计算工件拉深次数及各次拉深尺寸4 第三章工序压力计算和压力机的选择5 3.2压力机的选择原则5 3.3排样设计5 3.4第二次拉深压力机的选择5 3.5第三次拉深压力机的选择6 3.6第四次拉深压力机的选择7 第四章模具工作部分尺寸和公差计算9 4.1拉深成型模具设计00009 4.2拉深模工作零件的结构和尺寸10 4.3凸模与凹模之间间隙c10 4.4凸模与凹模工作尺寸与公差11 第五章零件切削加工工艺规程11 5.1工艺规程设计11 5.2确定毛坯的制造方式11 5.3基准的选择11 5.3.1粗基准的选择11 5.3.2精基准的选择12 5.4制定工艺路线13 5.5机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定14 5.6选择机床及刀具、量具14 第六章工作零件结构尺寸和公差的确定20 6.1落料拉深模选用原则20 6.2模具零件尺寸确定21 6.3模架选择22 6.4模柄选择22 6.5其他零件尺寸，材料22 第七章拉深装配图的校核23 结论24 致谢25 参考文献26