摘要
连杆是汽车发动机中的主要传动部件之一,它在柴油机中,把作用于活塞顶面的膨胀的压力传递给曲轴,又受曲轴的驱动而带动活塞压缩气缸中的气体。连杆在工作中承受着急剧变化的动载荷本,文主要论述了连杆的加工工艺规程的制定、加工工艺路线的选择及其专用夹具的设计。连杆的尺寸精度、形状精度以及位置精度的要求都很高,而连杆的刚性比较差,容易产生变形,因此在安排工艺过程时,就需要把各主要表面的粗精加工工序分开。逐步减少加工余量、切削力及内应力的作用,并修正加工后的变形,就能最后达到零件的技术要求。
为了方便操作人员装夹工件以及为了保证零件的带公差的尺寸的公差,本次设计为这些工序设计专用夹具,主要是设计钻2-φ10.5孔工序设计的钻床专用夹具,采用一定位销、一挡销和一面定位,方便可靠,易于操作,利用压板压紧,结构简单,操作简单,减少装夹时间,从而提高了加工效率。
关键词:连杆加工工艺夹具设计
Abstract
Co
n
necti
ng rod is o
ne of the mai
n tra
nsmissio
n parts of automobile e
ngi
ne,it i
n diesel e
ngi
ne,the effects o
n the expa
nsio
n of the pisto
n top surface pressure is passed to the cra
nkshaft,a
nd drive
n bythe cra
nkshaft a
nd pisto
n compressed gas i
n the cyli
nder.Co
n
necti
ng rod u
nder the dy
namic load of a sharp cha
nge i
n thework,the article mai
nlydiscusses the co
n
necti
ng rod machi
ni
ng process pla
n
ni
ng formulatio
n,the choice of process route a
nd the desig
n of special fixture.Co
n
necti
ng rod size accuracy,the accuracyrequireme
nt of the shape a
nd positio
n precisio
n isveryhigh,a
nd the rigidityof the co
n
necti
ng rod is poorer,pro
ne to deformatio
n,therefore i
n the arra
ngeme
nt of tech
nological process,you
need to separate the rough fi
nish machi
ni
ng process o
n the surface of the mai
n.Graduallyreduce machi
ni
ng allowa
nce,cutti
ng force a
nd the role of i
nter
nal stress,a
nd correct processi
ng after deformatio
n,ca
n fi
nallyachieve the tech
nical requireme
nts of parts. Operators i
n order to facilitate the clampi
ngworkpiece a
nd to e
nsure the tolera
nce of the size of the partswith tolera
nces,the special fixture desig
n for the process desig
n,mai
nlydesig
n 2-10.5 holesworki
ng procedure desig
n of special fixture drilli
ng machi
ne,with a pi
n,a stopper a
nd a positio
ni
ng,co
nve
nie
nt a
nd reliable,easyto operate,use clamp pressure,simple structure,easyoperatio
n,reduce the clampi
ng time,so as to improve the machi
ni
ng efficie
ncy. Keywords: co
n
necti
ng rod machi
ni
ng fixture desig
n process 目录 摘要1 第一章连杆加工工艺6 1.1连杆的结构特点6 1.2连杆的主要技术要求7 1.2.1大、小头孔的尺寸精度、形状精度7 1.2.2大、小头孔轴心线在两个互相垂直方向的平行度7 1.2.3大、小头孔中心距7 1.2.4连杆大头孔两端面对大头孔中心线的垂直度7 1.2.5大、小头孔两端面的技术要求7 1.2.6螺栓孔的技术要求8 1.2.7有关结合面的技术要求8 1.3连杆的材料和毛坯8 1.4连杆的机械加工工艺过程9 1.5连杆的机械加工工艺过程分析11 1.5.1工艺过程的安排11 1.5.2定位基准的选择11 1.5.3确定合理的夹紧方法12 1.5.4连杆两端面的加工14 1.5.5连杆大、小头孔的加工14 1.5.6连杆螺栓孔的加工14 1.5.7连杆体与连杆盖的铣开工序15 1.5.8大头侧面的加工15 1.6连杆加工工艺设计应考虑的问题15 1.6.1工序安排15 1.6.2定位基准15 1.6.3夹具使用15 1.7确定各工序的加工余量、计算工序尺寸及公差16 1.7.1确定加工余量16 1.8工时定额的计算16 1.8.1铣连杆大小头平面16 1.8.2磨大小头平面17 1.8.3加工小头孔17 1.8.4、扩大头孔18 1.8.5铣、磨连杆盖结合面18 1.8.6钻2—10.5mm螺栓孔20 1.8.7镗大头孔20 粗镗大头孔20 精镗大头孔21 第二章夹具设计22 2.1钻2-φ10.5孔夹具设计22 2.1.1问题的指出22 2.1.2夹具设计22 1)定位基准的选择22 2)夹紧方案22 3)夹具体设计22 4)切削力及夹紧力的计算23 5)定位误差分析23 结束语:25 参考文献: 27 致谢28
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n
necti
ng rod is o
ne of the mai
n tra
nsmissio
n parts of automobile e
ngi
ne,it i
n diesel e
ngi
ne,the effects o
n the expa
nsio
n of the pisto
n top surface pressure is passed to the cra
nkshaft,a
nd drive
n bythe cra
nkshaft a
nd pisto
n compressed gas i
n the cyli
nder.Co
n
necti
ng rod u
nder the dy
namic load of a sharp cha
nge i
n thework,the article mai
nlydiscusses the co
n
necti
ng rod machi
ni
ng process pla
n
ni
ng formulatio
n,the choice of process route a
nd the desig
n of special fixture.Co
n
necti
ng rod size accuracy,the accuracyrequireme
nt of the shape a
nd positio
n precisio
n isveryhigh,a
nd the rigidityof the co
n
necti
ng rod is poorer,pro
ne to deformatio
n,therefore i
n the arra
ngeme
nt of tech
nological process,you
need to separate the rough fi
nish machi
ni
ng process o
n the surface of the mai
n.Graduallyreduce machi
ni
ng allowa
nce,cutti
ng force a
nd the role of i
nter
nal stress,a
nd correct processi
ng after deformatio
n,ca
n fi
nallyachieve the tech
nical requireme
nts of parts. Operators i
n order to facilitate the clampi
ngworkpiece a
nd to e
nsure the tolera
nce of the size of the partswith tolera
nces,the special fixture desig
n for the process desig
n,mai
nlydesig
n 2-10.5 holesworki
ng procedure desig
n of special fixture drilli
ng machi
ne,with a pi
n,a stopper a
nd a positio
ni
ng,co
nve
nie
nt a
nd reliable,easyto operate,use clamp pressure,simple structure,easyoperatio
n,reduce the clampi
ng time,so as to improve the machi
ni
ng efficie
ncy. Keywords: co
n
necti
ng rod machi
ni
ng fixture desig
n process 目录 摘要1 第一章连杆加工工艺6 1.1连杆的结构特点6 1.2连杆的主要技术要求7 1.2.1大、小头孔的尺寸精度、形状精度7 1.2.2大、小头孔轴心线在两个互相垂直方向的平行度7 1.2.3大、小头孔中心距7 1.2.4连杆大头孔两端面对大头孔中心线的垂直度7 1.2.5大、小头孔两端面的技术要求7 1.2.6螺栓孔的技术要求8 1.2.7有关结合面的技术要求8 1.3连杆的材料和毛坯8 1.4连杆的机械加工工艺过程9 1.5连杆的机械加工工艺过程分析11 1.5.1工艺过程的安排11 1.5.2定位基准的选择11 1.5.3确定合理的夹紧方法12 1.5.4连杆两端面的加工14 1.5.5连杆大、小头孔的加工14 1.5.6连杆螺栓孔的加工14 1.5.7连杆体与连杆盖的铣开工序15 1.5.8大头侧面的加工15 1.6连杆加工工艺设计应考虑的问题15 1.6.1工序安排15 1.6.2定位基准15 1.6.3夹具使用15 1.7确定各工序的加工余量、计算工序尺寸及公差16 1.7.1确定加工余量16 1.8工时定额的计算16 1.8.1铣连杆大小头平面16 1.8.2磨大小头平面17 1.8.3加工小头孔17 1.8.4、扩大头孔18 1.8.5铣、磨连杆盖结合面18 1.8.6钻2—10.5mm螺栓孔20 1.8.7镗大头孔20 粗镗大头孔20 精镗大头孔21 第二章夹具设计22 2.1钻2-φ10.5孔夹具设计22 2.1.1问题的指出22 2.1.2夹具设计22 1)定位基准的选择22 2)夹紧方案22 3)夹具体设计22 4)切削力及夹紧力的计算23 5)定位误差分析23 结束语:25 参考文献: 27 致谢28
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