华晨宝马齿轮齿条转向器的设计
摘要
本根据对齿轮齿条式转向器的研究以及资料的查阅,着重阐述了齿轮齿条式转向器类型选择,不同类型齿轮齿条式转向器的优缺点和各种类型齿轮齿条式转向器应用状况。根据原有数据计算转向系的传动比,并确定齿轮齿条的几何参数。齿轮齿条式转向器总体设计,受力分析,及对齿轮齿条的疲劳强度校核、齿根弯曲疲劳强度校核。修正齿轮齿条式转向器中不合理的数据。通过对齿轮齿条式转向器的设计,选取出相关的零件如螺钉、轴承等,并在说明书中画出相关零件的零件图。通过说明书并画出齿轮齿条式转向器的零件图。
本题目为设计类实际课题,来源于华晨宝马齿轮齿条式转向器的设计过程。我国生产的宝马车齿轮齿条式转向器从仿制开始起步,近期产品的质量较早期有所提高。但受国产配套件质量及设计水平等的影响,我国目前生产的宝马车的总体水平,与进口产品及港口用户的要求仍有较大差距,齿轮齿条式转向器的生产也是如此,为满足市场需求,特开发华晨宝马齿轮齿条式转向器。通过对华晨宝马齿轮齿条式转向器的设计,能培养学生综合运用所学的基本理论、基本知识解决问题的能力,培养学生英语阅读和翻译能力,学习专用汽车设计经验,掌握汽车设计基本方法。
关键词:齿轮齿条;转向器;基本理论;汽车设计
Abstract
With developme
nt of all ki
nd of scie
nce tech
nologya
nd global eco
nomy,P
neumatic ma
nipulator is a automated devices that ca
n mimic the huma
n ha
nd a
nd arm moveme
nts to do somethi
ng,aslo ca
n accordi
ng to a fixed procedure to movi
ng objects or co
ntrol tools.It ca
n replace the heavylabor i
n order to achieve the productio
n mecha
nizatio
n a
nd automatio
n,a
nd ca
nwork i
n da
ngerousworki
ng e
nviro
nme
nts to protect the perso
nal safety. Thereforewidelyused i
n machi
ne buildi
ng,metallurgy,electro
nics,light i
ndustrya
nd atomic e
nergysectors.The p
neumatic part of the desig
n is primarilyto choose the rightvalves a
nd desig
n a reaso
nable p
neumatic co
ntrol loop,byco
ntrolli
ng a
nd regulati
ng pressure,atcompressed
necee
ngththdirectio
nprocedurework.Thei
nvertedpe
ndulumisatypicalhighordersystem,withmultivariable,
no
n-li
near,stro
ng-coupli
ng,fleeta
ndabsolutelyi
nstable.Itisreprese
ntativeasa
nidealmodeltoprove
newco
ntroltheorya
ndtech
niques.Duri
ngtheco
ntrolprocess,pe
ndulumca
neffectivelyreflectma
nykeyproblemssuchasequa
nimity,robust,follow-upa
ndtrack,therefore.Thispaperstudiesaco
ntrolmethodofdoublei
nvertedpe
ndulum.Firstofall,themathematicalmodelofthedoublei
nvertedpe
ndulumisestablished,the
nmakeaco
ntroldesig
ntodoublei
nvertedpe
ndulumo
nthemathematicalmodel,a
nddetermi
nethesystemperforma
ncei
ndexweightmatrix,byusi
ngge
neticalgorithmi
nordertoattai
nthesystemstatefeedbackco
ntrolmatrix.Fi
nally,thesimulatio
nofthesystemismadeby.Afterseveraltestmatrixvaluetheresultsare
notsatisfactoryrespo
nse,the
nweoptimizematrixbyusi
ngGe
neticAlgorithm.Simulatio
nresultsshow:Thesystemrespo
nseca
nmeetthedesig
nrequireme
ntseffectivelyafterGe
neticAlgorithmoptimizatio
n.Small twisted paper broke
n machi
ne for ordi
naryhome,
not o
nlyca
n be used for mi
nced meat,ca
n also be usedwith crushed pea
nuts,crushed ice,spices a
nd otherfood,small power requireme
nts,powered bythe motor drive,reaso
nable structuredesig
n. Keyword: Rack a
nd pi
nio
n;steeri
ng ; basic throey; car desig
n 目录 摘要2 Abstract 3 第一章绪论4 1.1课题的来源与研究的目的和意义5 1.2汽车转向装置的发展趋势6 第二章华晨宝马齿轮齿条转向器总体结构的设计7 2.1齿轮齿条转向器的总体方案图8 2.2齿轮齿条转向器的转向原理9 2.3传动比的计算10 2.3.1汽车方向盘(转向盘)11 2.3.2转向阻力矩11 2.3.3角传动比与力传动比12 2.4齿轮设计12 2.4.1齿轮参数的选择12 2.4.2齿轮几何尺寸确定12 2.4.3齿根弯曲疲劳强度计算12 2.4.4齿轮精度等级、材料及参数的选择12 2.4.5齿轮的齿根弯曲强度设计12 2.5齿条的设计12 2.6齿轮轴的设计12 第三章各主要零部件强度的校核15 3.1轴承强度的校核与计算16 3.2传动轴强度的校核计算17 第四章齿轮齿条转向器中主要零件的三维建模20 4.1方向盘的三维建模22 4.2转向轴的三维建模22 4.3动力缸体的三维建模23 4.4齿轮齿条转向器的三维建模24 第五章三维软件设计总结24 结论25 致谢26 参考文献27
展开...
nt of all ki
nd of scie
nce tech
nologya
nd global eco
nomy,P
neumatic ma
nipulator is a automated devices that ca
n mimic the huma
n ha
nd a
nd arm moveme
nts to do somethi
ng,aslo ca
n accordi
ng to a fixed procedure to movi
ng objects or co
ntrol tools.It ca
n replace the heavylabor i
n order to achieve the productio
n mecha
nizatio
n a
nd automatio
n,a
nd ca
nwork i
n da
ngerousworki
ng e
nviro
nme
nts to protect the perso
nal safety. Thereforewidelyused i
n machi
ne buildi
ng,metallurgy,electro
nics,light i
ndustrya
nd atomic e
nergysectors.The p
neumatic part of the desig
n is primarilyto choose the rightvalves a
nd desig
n a reaso
nable p
neumatic co
ntrol loop,byco
ntrolli
ng a
nd regulati
ng pressure,atcompressed
necee
ngththdirectio
nprocedurework.Thei
nvertedpe
ndulumisatypicalhighordersystem,withmultivariable,
no
n-li
near,stro
ng-coupli
ng,fleeta
ndabsolutelyi
nstable.Itisreprese
ntativeasa
nidealmodeltoprove
newco
ntroltheorya
ndtech
niques.Duri
ngtheco
ntrolprocess,pe
ndulumca
neffectivelyreflectma
nykeyproblemssuchasequa
nimity,robust,follow-upa
ndtrack,therefore.Thispaperstudiesaco
ntrolmethodofdoublei
nvertedpe
ndulum.Firstofall,themathematicalmodelofthedoublei
nvertedpe
ndulumisestablished,the
nmakeaco
ntroldesig
ntodoublei
nvertedpe
ndulumo
nthemathematicalmodel,a
nddetermi
nethesystemperforma
ncei
ndexweightmatrix,byusi
ngge
neticalgorithmi
nordertoattai
nthesystemstatefeedbackco
ntrolmatrix.Fi
nally,thesimulatio
nofthesystemismadeby.Afterseveraltestmatrixvaluetheresultsare
notsatisfactoryrespo
nse,the
nweoptimizematrixbyusi
ngGe
neticAlgorithm.Simulatio
nresultsshow:Thesystemrespo
nseca
nmeetthedesig
nrequireme
ntseffectivelyafterGe
neticAlgorithmoptimizatio
n.Small twisted paper broke
n machi
ne for ordi
naryhome,
not o
nlyca
n be used for mi
nced meat,ca
n also be usedwith crushed pea
nuts,crushed ice,spices a
nd otherfood,small power requireme
nts,powered bythe motor drive,reaso
nable structuredesig
n. Keyword: Rack a
nd pi
nio
n;steeri
ng ; basic throey; car desig
n 目录 摘要2 Abstract 3 第一章绪论4 1.1课题的来源与研究的目的和意义5 1.2汽车转向装置的发展趋势6 第二章华晨宝马齿轮齿条转向器总体结构的设计7 2.1齿轮齿条转向器的总体方案图8 2.2齿轮齿条转向器的转向原理9 2.3传动比的计算10 2.3.1汽车方向盘(转向盘)11 2.3.2转向阻力矩11 2.3.3角传动比与力传动比12 2.4齿轮设计12 2.4.1齿轮参数的选择12 2.4.2齿轮几何尺寸确定12 2.4.3齿根弯曲疲劳强度计算12 2.4.4齿轮精度等级、材料及参数的选择12 2.4.5齿轮的齿根弯曲强度设计12 2.5齿条的设计12 2.6齿轮轴的设计12 第三章各主要零部件强度的校核15 3.1轴承强度的校核与计算16 3.2传动轴强度的校核计算17 第四章齿轮齿条转向器中主要零件的三维建模20 4.1方向盘的三维建模22 4.2转向轴的三维建模22 4.3动力缸体的三维建模23 4.4齿轮齿条转向器的三维建模24 第五章三维软件设计总结24 结论25 致谢26 参考文献27
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