摘要
支撑件属于机械加工中的辅助工具,是机械加工中不可缺少的结构之一,选择合理的支撑件不但可以将劳动者从繁重的劳动中释放出来,还能有效地提高生产效率,降低生产成本,保证产品的质量。
随着社会的快速发展,机械制造业的竞争也变得越来越激烈,生产者对产品生产效率也越来越高。万向翻转台通过一次定位,即可实现对箱体类零件多个表面的不同孔或面进行加工,从而保证加工孔或面的形位公差。万向翻转台作为支撑件中一种专业性非标设备被大量的运用到电力变压器、电机车、船舶、钢铁等行业。液压翻转台主要由平台翻转机械部件、液压系统、电气控制系统三大部件组成,具有设计新颖、结构合理、操作简单、价格低廉等特点,具有广阔的发展前景。
本以万向翻转台的设计为例,通过对万向翻转台的设计,了解翻转台的工作原理和技术特点。
关键词:机械加工;生产效率;翻转台
Abstract
Support which belo
ngs to the mecha
nical processi
ng tool, is i
ndispe
nsable i
n the processi
ng of mecha
nical structure, reaso
nable selectio
n of the support member ca
n
not o
nly tur
n the workers from the heavy work release, but also ca
n effectively improve the productio
n efficie
ncy, reduce productio
n costs, a
nd e
nsure the quality of the product. With the rapid developme
nt of society, machi
nery ma
nufacturi
ng i
ndustry competitio
n is becomi
ng more a
nd more fierce, the producer o
n the productio
n efficie
ncy of products are more a
nd more high. U
niversal tur
ni
ng platform through a positio
ni
ng, ca
n realize the box parts of multiple surfaces of differe
nt hole or the surface processi
ng, thus e
nsuri
ng the processi
ng hole or the surface shape a
nd positio
n tolera
nce. U
niversal tur
ni
ng platform as the support member i
n a professio
nal
no
n-sta
ndard equipme
nt is widely applied to power tra
nsformer, motor vehicles, ships, steel a
nd other i
ndustries. Hydraulic tur
nover bed mai
nly comprises a platform flip mecha
nical parts, hydraulic system, electrical co
ntrol system is composed of three compo
ne
nts, has the adva
ntages of
novel desig
n, reaso
nable structure, simple operatio
n, low price a
nd so o
n, has the broad prospects for developme
nt. I
n this paper, the u
niversal reversible table desig
n as a
n example, through the u
niversal reversible table desig
n, u
ndersta
nd the tur
ni
ng table operatio
n pri
nciple a
nd tech
nical features. Key words: mecha
nical processi
ng; productio
n efficie
ncy; the tur
ni
ng table Support which belo
ngs to the mecha
nical processi
ng tool, is i
ndispe
nsable i
n the processi
ng of mecha
nical structure, reaso
nable selectio
n of the support member ca
n
not o
nly tur
n the workers from the heavy work release, but also ca
n effectively improve the productio
n efficie
ncy, reduce productio
n costs, a
nd e
nsure the quality of the product. 目录 摘要…………………………………………………………………1 Abstract ……………………………………………………………2 前言…………………………………………………………………6 第1章液压翻转台的机械设计…………………………………7 1.1万向翻转台的设计原理………………………………………7 1.2万向翻转台的结构设计………………………………………7 1.2.1载荷台的结构设计…………………………………………7 1.2.2垂直转台的结构设计………………………………………7 1.2.3支撑平台的结构设计………………………………………8 1.2.4液压缸的定位设计…………………………………………8 第二章液压翻转台的液压设计…………………………………9 2.1液压传动的工作原理…………………………………………9 2.2液压传动系统的设计…………………………………………9 2.2.1设计原则和依据……………………………………………10 第三章液压缸的设计……………………………………………11 3.1液压缸的分类…………………………………………………11 3.2液压缸的典型结构和组成……………………………………11 3.3液压缸中各零件的主要尺寸…………………………………13 3.4液压缸主要零部件设计………………………………………13 3.4.1密封件的选用………………………………………………13 3.4.2缸筒的选用…………………………………………………13 3.4.3活塞的选用…………………………………………………14 3.4.4活塞杆的选用………………………………………………14 第四章液压系统简介…………………………………………15 4.1液压系统的组成和形式……………………………………15 4.1.1液压系统的组成……………………………………………15 4.1.2液压系统的形式……………………………………………15 4.2液压系统的类型和特点……………………………………15 4.3液压传动与控制的优缺点…………………………………16 4.4液压系统的基本回路…………………………………………16 4.4.1压力控制回路………………………………………………16 4.4.2速度控制回路………………………………………………17 4.4.3方向控制回路………………………………………………17 第五章滑动轴承的选择…………………………………………18 5.1概述……………………………………………………………18 5.2滑动轴承的结构………………………………………………18 5.3滑动轴承的材料………………………………………………19 第六章滚动轴承的选择…………………………………………21 6.1概述……………………………………………………………21 6.2滚动轴承代号…………………………………………………21 6.3滚动轴承的结构………………………………………………21 6.4滚动轴承的特点………………………………………………22 6.5滚动轴承的选择………………………………………………22 6.6滚动轴承的润滑………………………………………………23 结论…………………………………………………………………24 致谢…………………………………………………………………25 参考文献……………………………………………………………26 前言 液压翻转台在机械加工中起到支撑工件的作用,通过液压控制能够实现工件的垂直和水平翻转。本次设计的液压翻转台是针对加工箱体类零件而设计的,在加工中通过翻转台的转动能够实现一次装夹加工多个工作面的目的,从而保证加工面之间的精度要求,提高加工质量。 首先液压翻转台采用液压控制,减少了操作者搬运工件的次数,降低了工人的劳动强度。其次,液压翻转台有其自身的优点:(1)设备有效工作台面大,可适合各种大型工件翻转;(2)设备承载能力强,翻转过程平稳,无明显速度变化,有效解决了负载变化而引起的冲击和缓冲问题;(3)自动化程度高,操作简便,安全可靠,设备采用PLC编程控制,对操作中产生的误操作的步骤,采用电气互锁,自动检测运行状况,自动完成一系列工序,规避了误操作的风险;(4)设备采用系列化和规模化设计,可根据用户需求增加侧边靠齐等功能模块。 本通过对液压翻转台的设计,了解翻转台的工作原理和技术特点,从而认识到其在机械加工中的广泛应用。
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ngs to the mecha
nical processi
ng tool, is i
ndispe
nsable i
n the processi
ng of mecha
nical structure, reaso
nable selectio
n of the support member ca
n
not o
nly tur
n the workers from the heavy work release, but also ca
n effectively improve the productio
n efficie
ncy, reduce productio
n costs, a
nd e
nsure the quality of the product. With the rapid developme
nt of society, machi
nery ma
nufacturi
ng i
ndustry competitio
n is becomi
ng more a
nd more fierce, the producer o
n the productio
n efficie
ncy of products are more a
nd more high. U
niversal tur
ni
ng platform through a positio
ni
ng, ca
n realize the box parts of multiple surfaces of differe
nt hole or the surface processi
ng, thus e
nsuri
ng the processi
ng hole or the surface shape a
nd positio
n tolera
nce. U
niversal tur
ni
ng platform as the support member i
n a professio
nal
no
n-sta
ndard equipme
nt is widely applied to power tra
nsformer, motor vehicles, ships, steel a
nd other i
ndustries. Hydraulic tur
nover bed mai
nly comprises a platform flip mecha
nical parts, hydraulic system, electrical co
ntrol system is composed of three compo
ne
nts, has the adva
ntages of
novel desig
n, reaso
nable structure, simple operatio
n, low price a
nd so o
n, has the broad prospects for developme
nt. I
n this paper, the u
niversal reversible table desig
n as a
n example, through the u
niversal reversible table desig
n, u
ndersta
nd the tur
ni
ng table operatio
n pri
nciple a
nd tech
nical features. Key words: mecha
nical processi
ng; productio
n efficie
ncy; the tur
ni
ng table Support which belo
ngs to the mecha
nical processi
ng tool, is i
ndispe
nsable i
n the processi
ng of mecha
nical structure, reaso
nable selectio
n of the support member ca
n
not o
nly tur
n the workers from the heavy work release, but also ca
n effectively improve the productio
n efficie
ncy, reduce productio
n costs, a
nd e
nsure the quality of the product. 目录 摘要…………………………………………………………………1 Abstract ……………………………………………………………2 前言…………………………………………………………………6 第1章液压翻转台的机械设计…………………………………7 1.1万向翻转台的设计原理………………………………………7 1.2万向翻转台的结构设计………………………………………7 1.2.1载荷台的结构设计…………………………………………7 1.2.2垂直转台的结构设计………………………………………7 1.2.3支撑平台的结构设计………………………………………8 1.2.4液压缸的定位设计…………………………………………8 第二章液压翻转台的液压设计…………………………………9 2.1液压传动的工作原理…………………………………………9 2.2液压传动系统的设计…………………………………………9 2.2.1设计原则和依据……………………………………………10 第三章液压缸的设计……………………………………………11 3.1液压缸的分类…………………………………………………11 3.2液压缸的典型结构和组成……………………………………11 3.3液压缸中各零件的主要尺寸…………………………………13 3.4液压缸主要零部件设计………………………………………13 3.4.1密封件的选用………………………………………………13 3.4.2缸筒的选用…………………………………………………13 3.4.3活塞的选用…………………………………………………14 3.4.4活塞杆的选用………………………………………………14 第四章液压系统简介…………………………………………15 4.1液压系统的组成和形式……………………………………15 4.1.1液压系统的组成……………………………………………15 4.1.2液压系统的形式……………………………………………15 4.2液压系统的类型和特点……………………………………15 4.3液压传动与控制的优缺点…………………………………16 4.4液压系统的基本回路…………………………………………16 4.4.1压力控制回路………………………………………………16 4.4.2速度控制回路………………………………………………17 4.4.3方向控制回路………………………………………………17 第五章滑动轴承的选择…………………………………………18 5.1概述……………………………………………………………18 5.2滑动轴承的结构………………………………………………18 5.3滑动轴承的材料………………………………………………19 第六章滚动轴承的选择…………………………………………21 6.1概述……………………………………………………………21 6.2滚动轴承代号…………………………………………………21 6.3滚动轴承的结构………………………………………………21 6.4滚动轴承的特点………………………………………………22 6.5滚动轴承的选择………………………………………………22 6.6滚动轴承的润滑………………………………………………23 结论…………………………………………………………………24 致谢…………………………………………………………………25 参考文献……………………………………………………………26 前言 液压翻转台在机械加工中起到支撑工件的作用,通过液压控制能够实现工件的垂直和水平翻转。本次设计的液压翻转台是针对加工箱体类零件而设计的,在加工中通过翻转台的转动能够实现一次装夹加工多个工作面的目的,从而保证加工面之间的精度要求,提高加工质量。 首先液压翻转台采用液压控制,减少了操作者搬运工件的次数,降低了工人的劳动强度。其次,液压翻转台有其自身的优点:(1)设备有效工作台面大,可适合各种大型工件翻转;(2)设备承载能力强,翻转过程平稳,无明显速度变化,有效解决了负载变化而引起的冲击和缓冲问题;(3)自动化程度高,操作简便,安全可靠,设备采用PLC编程控制,对操作中产生的误操作的步骤,采用电气互锁,自动检测运行状况,自动完成一系列工序,规避了误操作的风险;(4)设备采用系列化和规模化设计,可根据用户需求增加侧边靠齐等功能模块。 本通过对液压翻转台的设计,了解翻转台的工作原理和技术特点,从而认识到其在机械加工中的广泛应用。
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