摘要:核桃采收后,必须尽快脱掉核桃外表面的青皮,以保证核桃表面的洁净,增加商品外观品质。靠人工去除核桃青皮,效率非常低,成本很高。实现核桃去皮的机械化,对减小劳动力强度,提高农业生产效率有重要意义。
本次设计的青核桃去皮机主要由机架、入料斗、挡料板、电动机、传动轴、旋切滚筒、滚刀、栅条、钢丝刷、筛网、喷水管、防护罩、出料斗、出杂斗等部件组成。
本文首先通过调查与分析核桃去皮机现况提出本次设计方案,接着对该核桃去皮机各主要部件进行了详细的设计与校核,最后通过AutoCAD制图软件绘制了装配图和各主要零部件的零件图。本文的研究方法对今后各类坚果的去皮和去壳机的设计与改进均有很好的参考价值。
关键词:核桃,去皮,清洗,旋切,栅条
Abstract: After the wal
nut harvest, we must quickly peel off the outer surface of wal
nut, wal
nut to e
nsure a clea
n surface, i
ncreasi
ng commodity appeara
nce quality. By artificial removal of Wal
nut, efficie
ncy is very low, very high cost. Wal
nut peeli
ng realized mecha
nizatio
n, to reduce labor i
nte
nsity, improve agricultural productivity is importa
nt. The desig
n of the gree
n wal
nut peeli
ng machi
ne mai
nly from the rack, i
nto the hopper, blocki
ng plate, motor, drive shaft, peeli
ng roller, hob, trash rack, wire brush, scree
n, water pipe, protective cover, the hopper , the hybrid bucket other compo
ne
nts. Firstly, through the i
nvestigatio
n a
nd a
nalysis of the status of this proposed wal
nut peeli
ng machi
ne desig
n, the
n the wal
nut peeli
ng machi
ne of the mai
n compo
ne
nts of the detailed desig
n a
nd verificatio
n, a
nd fi
nally draw the assembly drawi
ng a
nd the major compo
ne
nts of the AutoCAD drawi
ng software parts diagram. Research methods to desig
n a
nd improve the future of all ki
nds of
nuts a
nd shell peeli
ng machi
ne has a good refere
nce value. Keywords: Wal
nuts, Peeli
ng, Washi
ng, Peeli
ng, Trash rack 目录 1绪论1 1.1研究背景和意义1 1.2国内外研究现状1 1.2.1国外研究现状1 1.2.2国内研究现状分析2 1.3设计要求2 2总体方案设计3 2.1主要结构和工作原理3 2.1.1主要结构3 2.1.2工作原理3 2.2技术参数3 2.3结构特点4 2.3.1栅条与旋切滚筒之间间隙可调4 2.3.2滚刀螺旋布置,材料为不锈钢5 2.3.3具有二次去皮功能5 2.3.4实现对核桃的初洗和精洗5 2.4影响青核桃去皮效果的主要因素5 2.4.1核桃成熟度5 2.4.2栅条与旋切滚筒之间间隙5 2.4.3相邻焊接栅条之间的间隙5 3主要零部件的设计6 3.1电动机的选择6 3.1.1选择电动机类型6 3.1.2电动机容量的选择6 3.1.3电动机转速的选择6 3.2减速机构的设计6 3.2.1分配传动比6 3.2.2运动和动力参数计算7 3.2.3齿轮的设计7 3.2.4轴和轴承装置、键的设计11 3.3 V带传动的设计15 3.3.1 V带的基本参数计算15 3.3.2带轮结构的设计17 3.4主轴的设计与校核18 3.4.1轴上的功率P、转速
n、转矩T 18 3.4.2初步确定轴的最小直径18 3.4.3轴的结构设计18 3.4.4轴上的载荷20 3.4.5精确校核轴的疲劳强度21 3.5主轴承的选择与校核23 3.5.1计算轴承受到的径向载荷23 3.5.2计算轴承轴向力23 3.5.3求轴承的当量动载荷23 3.5.4验算轴承的寿命24 3.6机体部件的设计24 3.6.1入料斗、出料斗24 3.6.2旋切滚筒、滚刀25 3.6.3栅条圆筒、栅条25 3.6.4钢丝毛刷、筛网26 3.6.5挡料板、防护罩27 3.6.6机架27 总结28 参考文献29 致谢30
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nut harvest, we must quickly peel off the outer surface of wal
nut, wal
nut to e
nsure a clea
n surface, i
ncreasi
ng commodity appeara
nce quality. By artificial removal of Wal
nut, efficie
ncy is very low, very high cost. Wal
nut peeli
ng realized mecha
nizatio
n, to reduce labor i
nte
nsity, improve agricultural productivity is importa
nt. The desig
n of the gree
n wal
nut peeli
ng machi
ne mai
nly from the rack, i
nto the hopper, blocki
ng plate, motor, drive shaft, peeli
ng roller, hob, trash rack, wire brush, scree
n, water pipe, protective cover, the hopper , the hybrid bucket other compo
ne
nts. Firstly, through the i
nvestigatio
n a
nd a
nalysis of the status of this proposed wal
nut peeli
ng machi
ne desig
n, the
n the wal
nut peeli
ng machi
ne of the mai
n compo
ne
nts of the detailed desig
n a
nd verificatio
n, a
nd fi
nally draw the assembly drawi
ng a
nd the major compo
ne
nts of the AutoCAD drawi
ng software parts diagram. Research methods to desig
n a
nd improve the future of all ki
nds of
nuts a
nd shell peeli
ng machi
ne has a good refere
nce value. Keywords: Wal
nuts, Peeli
ng, Washi
ng, Peeli
ng, Trash rack 目录 1绪论1 1.1研究背景和意义1 1.2国内外研究现状1 1.2.1国外研究现状1 1.2.2国内研究现状分析2 1.3设计要求2 2总体方案设计3 2.1主要结构和工作原理3 2.1.1主要结构3 2.1.2工作原理3 2.2技术参数3 2.3结构特点4 2.3.1栅条与旋切滚筒之间间隙可调4 2.3.2滚刀螺旋布置,材料为不锈钢5 2.3.3具有二次去皮功能5 2.3.4实现对核桃的初洗和精洗5 2.4影响青核桃去皮效果的主要因素5 2.4.1核桃成熟度5 2.4.2栅条与旋切滚筒之间间隙5 2.4.3相邻焊接栅条之间的间隙5 3主要零部件的设计6 3.1电动机的选择6 3.1.1选择电动机类型6 3.1.2电动机容量的选择6 3.1.3电动机转速的选择6 3.2减速机构的设计6 3.2.1分配传动比6 3.2.2运动和动力参数计算7 3.2.3齿轮的设计7 3.2.4轴和轴承装置、键的设计11 3.3 V带传动的设计15 3.3.1 V带的基本参数计算15 3.3.2带轮结构的设计17 3.4主轴的设计与校核18 3.4.1轴上的功率P、转速
n、转矩T 18 3.4.2初步确定轴的最小直径18 3.4.3轴的结构设计18 3.4.4轴上的载荷20 3.4.5精确校核轴的疲劳强度21 3.5主轴承的选择与校核23 3.5.1计算轴承受到的径向载荷23 3.5.2计算轴承轴向力23 3.5.3求轴承的当量动载荷23 3.5.4验算轴承的寿命24 3.6机体部件的设计24 3.6.1入料斗、出料斗24 3.6.2旋切滚筒、滚刀25 3.6.3栅条圆筒、栅条25 3.6.4钢丝毛刷、筛网26 3.6.5挡料板、防护罩27 3.6.6机架27 总结28 参考文献29 致谢30
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