机械5

摘要 我国生产的龙门加工中心和数控龙门镗铣床产品的主要品种，根据机床结构布局形式划分为：按龙门架是否移动，分为龙门固定工作台移动式和龙门移动式；按横梁是否在立柱上运动，分为动梁式和定梁式两种；横梁在高架床身上移动称为高架式；按机床净重和工作台承载能力，分为轻型、中型和重型（超重型）等。 滚珠丝杠由于制造工艺已十分成熟，导程精度高、传递扭矩大，已成为标的机床功能部件，因此在进给传动中应用很普遍。滚珠丝杠螺母副由于在丝杠和螺母之间放人了滚珠，使丝杠与螺母间传动变为滚动摩擦，因而大大地减小了摩擦阻力，提高了传动效率，并具有响应灵敏度高、传动快捷的特点。其传动效率可达9O%以上。由于是滚动摩擦，动、静摩擦因数相差极小，因此无论是静止还是在低速和高速传动时，摩擦转矩变化不大。在使用滚珠丝杠传动时，可以采用多种预加载荷的方法消除间隙，使反向时无空行程。 本次中，对数控机床的进给系统进行了设计，运用了滚珠丝杠螺母副的进给方式。对滚珠丝杠螺母副的选型和计算有详细的介绍，同时也包括交流伺服电机的选型等。并对数控机床的总体布局进行了设计。 关键词：数控机床龙门加工中心进给系统滚珠丝杠伺服电机选择计算 Abstrsct Our productio
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n 目录 第一章绪论…………………………………………………………………………… 1 1.1调研过程………………………………………………………………………2 1.2调研内容………………………………………………………………………4 1.3方法实现及预期目标…………………………………………………………10 1.4本章小结………………………………………………………………………15 第二章龙门加工中心进给系统参数设计……………………………………16 2.1切削力的分析与计算………………………………………………………………16 2.1.1设计参数……………………………………………………………………16 2.1.2切削力计算中的参数………………………………………………………16 2.1.3切削力公式及计算…………………………………………………………17 2.2滚珠丝杠螺母副的计算与选型……………………………………………………18 2.1.1滚珠丝杠的主要参数尺寸…………………………………………………19 2.2.2龙门加工中心X方向进给的滚珠丝杠螺母副的选型……………………20 2.2.3龙门加工中心Y方向进给滚珠丝杠螺母副的选型与计算………………23 2.2.4龙门加工中心Z方向进给系统滚珠丝杠螺母副的选择与计算…………26 2.3交流伺服电机的选型与计算………………………………………………………29 2.3.1机电传动系统的运动方程式………………………………………………29 2.3.2转动惯量的计算……………………………………………………………29 2.3.3传动系统的等效负载转矩计算……………………………………………30 2.3.4轴承的校核…………………………………………………………………31 2.3.5联轴器的选型………………………………………………………………33 2.3.6滚动导轨的预紧……………………………………………………………33 第三章滚珠丝杠螺母副进给部件结构设计……………………………………34 3.1滚珠丝杠螺母副……………………………………………………………………34 3.2直线滚动导轨………………………………………………………………………36 第四章基础部件的造型及装配……………………………………………………37 4.1基础部件的三维建模………………………………………………………………37 4.2装配…………………………………………………………………………………37 第五章装配工程图……………………………………………………………………39 5.1主视图………………………………………………………………………………39 5.2侧视图………………………………………………………………………………40 5.3俯视图………………………………………………………………………………41 第六章设计总结…………………………………………………………………42 参考文献……………………………………………………………………………………43 致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………44