摘要
这里制造的机器人是要代替人工去进行操作加工的一种自动化的装备,可以传送加工件、对工件进行转位或者装卸,还可以加上不同的工具去进行加工、装配、测量、切割、焊接、喷涂等工作内容,在一些比较差的工作条件下,人工不好进行作业,就用机器人去操作加工。这次设计的示教机器人主要包括手部、腕部、臂部、机身、机座,以及液压控制系统等构成的部件。
这次课题主要是把示教机器人的液压控制系统给设计出来。首先要查背景资料,分析示教机器人发展的情景,目前液压系统发展到哪一步,基本的构造是什么,把总体设计方案给确定下来,画出液压控制系统的工作原理图;对于液压系统的控制油路进行分析设计,通过公式计算,选出液压缸的型号、各种液压控制的阀门以及辅助元器件型号都要进行选择验证。
这次设计运用到这几年学到的专业知识,机器人仿照了人手的一些动作要领,按照设定好的程序,运动行程,还有操作条件去进行抓取动作、搬运或者加工工件的一种自动形式的机械手。对于示教机器人的构成方案,我们会从机械设计入手,设计它的液压控制部分,确定好相关的工艺加工流程,让机器人工作起来更安全可靠,工作的效率更高,转换起来更加灵活等等,整个设计要符合设计理论达到应有的工作价值。
关键词:示教机器人、液压系统、液压泵站、控制回路
Abstract
The robot made here is a
n automatic equipme
nt to replace ma
nual operatio
n a
nd processi
ng. It ca
n tra
nsfer the processed parts, rotate or load a
nd u
nload the parts. It ca
n also add differe
nt tools to process, assemble, measure, cut, weld, spray a
nd other work co
nte
nts. U
nder some relatively poor worki
ng co
nditio
ns, ma
nual operatio
n is
not good, We use robots to operate a
nd process. The teachi
ng robot mai
nly i
ncludes ha
nd, wrist, arm, fuselage, base, hydraulic co
ntrol system a
nd other compo
ne
nts. This project is mai
nly to desig
n the hydraulic co
ntrol system of the teachi
ng robot. First of all, we
need to check the backgrou
nd i
nformatio
n, a
nalyze the developme
nt situatio
n of the teachi
ng robot, where is the curre
nt developme
nt of the hydraulic system, what is the basic structure, determi
ne the overall desig
n scheme, a
nd draw the worki
ng pri
nciple diagram of the hydraulic co
ntrol system; The co
ntrol oil circuit of hydraulic system is a
nalyzed a
nd desig
ned. Through formula calculatio
n, the model of hydraulic cyli
nder, various hydraulic co
ntrol valves a
nd auxiliary compo
ne
nts are selected a
nd verified. This desig
n applies the professio
nal k
nowledge lear
ned i
n rece
nt years. The robot imitates some actio
n esse
ntials of huma
n ha
nds. It is a
n automatic form of ma
nipulator that grabs, tra
nsports or processes workpieces accordi
ng to the set program, travel a
nd operati
ng co
nditio
ns. For the compositio
n scheme of teachi
ng robot, we will start from the mecha
nical desig
n, desig
n its hydraulic co
ntrol part, determi
ne the releva
nt processi
ng flow, make the robot work more safe a
nd reliable, work more efficie
nt, co
nvert more flexible a
nd so o
n, the whole desig
n should co
nform to the desig
n theory, achieve the due work value. Key words: teachi
ng robot, hydraulic system, hydraulic pump statio
n, co
ntrol circuit 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第1章绪论1 1.1示教机器人简介1 1.2示教机器人研究及发展现状1 1.2.1国外现状2 1.2.2国内现状2 第2章示教机器人总体设计4 2.1参数选定4 2.1.1臂力的选定4 2.1.2工作范围的选定4 2.1.3运动速度选定4 2.2示教机器人总体结构方案拟定4 2.3示教机器人液压系统构成5 第3章液压部分的设计7 3.1控制回路的选择7 3.1.1压力控制回路7 3.1.2速度控制回路7 3.1.3方向控制回路8 3.2液压系统原理图的拟定8 3.3液压缸的设计9 3.3.1手臂升降、伸缩缸、手指夹紧缸9 3.3.2机器人回转缸11 3.3.3手腕回转缸13 第4章液压泵站的设计15 4.1液压元件的设计与选择15 4.1.1液压泵15 4.1.2液压阀类元件的选择15 4.1.3油箱的设计17 4.2其它辅助液压装置的设计选择18 4.2.1过滤器的选择18 4.2.2管道和管接头的选择18 4.2.3空气滤清器的选择19 4.2.4液位计的选择19 4.3动力系统的设计19 4.3.1电动机的选择19 4.3.2联轴器的选择20 4.4液压系统性能校核20 4.4.1液压系统压力损失20 4.4.2系统发热计算22 参考文献25 致谢26
展开...
n automatic equipme
nt to replace ma
nual operatio
n a
nd processi
ng. It ca
n tra
nsfer the processed parts, rotate or load a
nd u
nload the parts. It ca
n also add differe
nt tools to process, assemble, measure, cut, weld, spray a
nd other work co
nte
nts. U
nder some relatively poor worki
ng co
nditio
ns, ma
nual operatio
n is
not good, We use robots to operate a
nd process. The teachi
ng robot mai
nly i
ncludes ha
nd, wrist, arm, fuselage, base, hydraulic co
ntrol system a
nd other compo
ne
nts. This project is mai
nly to desig
n the hydraulic co
ntrol system of the teachi
ng robot. First of all, we
need to check the backgrou
nd i
nformatio
n, a
nalyze the developme
nt situatio
n of the teachi
ng robot, where is the curre
nt developme
nt of the hydraulic system, what is the basic structure, determi
ne the overall desig
n scheme, a
nd draw the worki
ng pri
nciple diagram of the hydraulic co
ntrol system; The co
ntrol oil circuit of hydraulic system is a
nalyzed a
nd desig
ned. Through formula calculatio
n, the model of hydraulic cyli
nder, various hydraulic co
ntrol valves a
nd auxiliary compo
ne
nts are selected a
nd verified. This desig
n applies the professio
nal k
nowledge lear
ned i
n rece
nt years. The robot imitates some actio
n esse
ntials of huma
n ha
nds. It is a
n automatic form of ma
nipulator that grabs, tra
nsports or processes workpieces accordi
ng to the set program, travel a
nd operati
ng co
nditio
ns. For the compositio
n scheme of teachi
ng robot, we will start from the mecha
nical desig
n, desig
n its hydraulic co
ntrol part, determi
ne the releva
nt processi
ng flow, make the robot work more safe a
nd reliable, work more efficie
nt, co
nvert more flexible a
nd so o
n, the whole desig
n should co
nform to the desig
n theory, achieve the due work value. Key words: teachi
ng robot, hydraulic system, hydraulic pump statio
n, co
ntrol circuit 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第1章绪论1 1.1示教机器人简介1 1.2示教机器人研究及发展现状1 1.2.1国外现状2 1.2.2国内现状2 第2章示教机器人总体设计4 2.1参数选定4 2.1.1臂力的选定4 2.1.2工作范围的选定4 2.1.3运动速度选定4 2.2示教机器人总体结构方案拟定4 2.3示教机器人液压系统构成5 第3章液压部分的设计7 3.1控制回路的选择7 3.1.1压力控制回路7 3.1.2速度控制回路7 3.1.3方向控制回路8 3.2液压系统原理图的拟定8 3.3液压缸的设计9 3.3.1手臂升降、伸缩缸、手指夹紧缸9 3.3.2机器人回转缸11 3.3.3手腕回转缸13 第4章液压泵站的设计15 4.1液压元件的设计与选择15 4.1.1液压泵15 4.1.2液压阀类元件的选择15 4.1.3油箱的设计17 4.2其它辅助液压装置的设计选择18 4.2.1过滤器的选择18 4.2.2管道和管接头的选择18 4.2.3空气滤清器的选择19 4.2.4液位计的选择19 4.3动力系统的设计19 4.3.1电动机的选择19 4.3.2联轴器的选择20 4.4液压系统性能校核20 4.4.1液压系统压力损失20 4.4.2系统发热计算22 参考文献25 致谢26
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