这次设计的是拨叉零件,包括零件图、毛坯图、夹具装配图、夹具零件图各一张,机械加工工艺过程卡片和与工序卡片各一张。首先我们要熟悉零件和了解其作用,该拨叉应用在某拖拉机变速箱的换挡机构中,主要起换档作用。然后,根据零件的性质和零件图上各端面的粗糙度确定毛坯的尺寸和械加工余量。最后拟定拨叉的工艺路线图,制定该工件的夹紧方案,画出夹具装配图。
在这次的课程设计过程中,我认真阅读《课程设计指导书》,并按书中的设计过程边学习边设计,了解并认识一般机器零件的生产工艺过程,巩固和加深了已学过的技术基础课和专业课的知识,理论联系实际,刻苦钻研,从中锻炼自己分析问题、解决问题的能力,为设计打下了一个良好的基础,更加为以后的工作奠定了基础。
Abstract
What this desig
n dials the fork compo
ne
nts, i
ncludi
ng detail drawi
ng, semifi
nished materials chart, jig assembly drawi
ng, jig detail drawi
ng each, machi
ne-fi
nishi
ng tech
nological process card a
nd with operatio
n card each o
ne. First we must be familiar with the compo
ne
nts a
nd u
ndersta
nd its fu
nctio
n, should dial the fork applicatio
n, i
n some tractor gear box shifts gears i
n the orga
nizatio
n, is mai
n shifts gears to affect. The
n, accordi
ng to compo
ne
nts
nature a
nd detail drawi
ng various e
nd surfaces' rough
ness determi
natio
n semifi
nished materials size a
nd weapo
n machi
ni
ng allowa
nce. Fi
nally draws up dials fork's craft road map, works out this work piece clamp pla
n, draws the jig assembly drawi
ng. I
n this time curriculum project process, I read "Curriculum project I
nstructio
n Book" ear
nestly, a
nd studies accordi
ng to the book i
n desig
n process while desig
ns, u
ndersta
nds a
nd k
new that the commo
n machi
ne part the tech
nique of productio
n process, co
nsolidated a
nd deepe
ned already has studied the tech
nical basic course a
nd the professio
nal course k
nowledge, the apply theory to reality, studied assiduously, exercised itself to a
nalyze the questio
n, to solve the questio
n ability, has built a good fou
ndatio
n for the graduatio
n project, eve
n more has laid the fou
ndatio
n for the later work. 目录 1.零件的工艺分析及生产类型的确定1 1.1零件的用途1 1.2分析零件的技术要求1 1.3审查拨叉的工艺性2 1.3.1以φ8为中心的加工表面2 1.3.2以φ26为中心的加工表面2 1.4确定拨叉的生产类型3 2.确定毛坯4 2.1确定毛坯的种类和制造方法4 2.2确定毛坯的尺寸公差和机械加工余量4 3.工艺规程设计5 3.1.1精基准的选择5 3.1.2粗基准的选择5 3.2制定工艺路线5 3.2.2.工艺路线方案二6 3.3确定各工序的加工余量、计算工序尺寸及公差7 3.3.1粗铣拨叉头的上下表面的加工余量及公差7 3.3.2钻φ8的孔加工余量及公差8 3.3.3铣φ26的上下端面的加工余量及公差8 3.3.4钻φ26的叉口的内圆面的加工余量及公差8 3.3.5钻、攻螺纹φ5孔的加工余量及公差9 3.3.6切断φ26的叉口9 3.4切削用量的计算9 3.4.1工序Ⅰ:粗铣拨叉头的上下表面9 3.4.2工序Ⅱ:钻、粗铰、精铰Φ8孔10 3.4.3工序Ⅲ:粗铣、半精铣、精铣φ26的上下端面11 3.4.4.工序Ⅳ:钻、扩孔钻、粗铰、精铰φ26的叉口12 3.4.5工序Ⅴ:钻、攻螺纹φ5的孔14 3.4.6工序Ⅵ:切断φ26的叉口15 3.4.7.工序Ⅶ:检验15 3.5时间定额的计算15 3.5.1基本时间15 3.5.2辅助时间16 3.5.3其他时间16 3.5.4单件时间16 4.夹具设计18 4.1问题的提出18 4.2夹具设计18 4.2.1定位方案18 4.2.2夹紧机构18 4.2.3夹具与机床联接元件18 4.2.4定位误差分析19 4.2.5切削力与夹紧力的计算19 5.体会与展望21 6.参考文献22 1.零件的工艺分析及生产类型的确定 1.1零件的用途 该拨叉应用在某拖拉机变速箱的换挡机构中。拨叉头以Φ26mm孔套在变速叉轴上,并用螺钉经Φ5mm孔与变速叉轴联结,拨叉脚则夹在双联变换齿轮的槽中。当需要变速时,操纵变速杆,变速操纵机构就通过拨叉头部的操纵孔带动拨叉与变速叉轴一起在变速箱中滑移,拨叉脚拨动双联变换齿轮在花键轴上滑动以改换档位,从而改变拖拉机的行驶速度。两个零件铸在一起,加工时分开。
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n dials the fork compo
ne
nts, i
ncludi
ng detail drawi
ng, semifi
nished materials chart, jig assembly drawi
ng, jig detail drawi
ng each, machi
ne-fi
nishi
ng tech
nological process card a
nd with operatio
n card each o
ne. First we must be familiar with the compo
ne
nts a
nd u
ndersta
nd its fu
nctio
n, should dial the fork applicatio
n, i
n some tractor gear box shifts gears i
n the orga
nizatio
n, is mai
n shifts gears to affect. The
n, accordi
ng to compo
ne
nts
nature a
nd detail drawi
ng various e
nd surfaces' rough
ness determi
natio
n semifi
nished materials size a
nd weapo
n machi
ni
ng allowa
nce. Fi
nally draws up dials fork's craft road map, works out this work piece clamp pla
n, draws the jig assembly drawi
ng. I
n this time curriculum project process, I read "Curriculum project I
nstructio
n Book" ear
nestly, a
nd studies accordi
ng to the book i
n desig
n process while desig
ns, u
ndersta
nds a
nd k
new that the commo
n machi
ne part the tech
nique of productio
n process, co
nsolidated a
nd deepe
ned already has studied the tech
nical basic course a
nd the professio
nal course k
nowledge, the apply theory to reality, studied assiduously, exercised itself to a
nalyze the questio
n, to solve the questio
n ability, has built a good fou
ndatio
n for the graduatio
n project, eve
n more has laid the fou
ndatio
n for the later work. 目录 1.零件的工艺分析及生产类型的确定1 1.1零件的用途1 1.2分析零件的技术要求1 1.3审查拨叉的工艺性2 1.3.1以φ8为中心的加工表面2 1.3.2以φ26为中心的加工表面2 1.4确定拨叉的生产类型3 2.确定毛坯4 2.1确定毛坯的种类和制造方法4 2.2确定毛坯的尺寸公差和机械加工余量4 3.工艺规程设计5 3.1.1精基准的选择5 3.1.2粗基准的选择5 3.2制定工艺路线5 3.2.2.工艺路线方案二6 3.3确定各工序的加工余量、计算工序尺寸及公差7 3.3.1粗铣拨叉头的上下表面的加工余量及公差7 3.3.2钻φ8的孔加工余量及公差8 3.3.3铣φ26的上下端面的加工余量及公差8 3.3.4钻φ26的叉口的内圆面的加工余量及公差8 3.3.5钻、攻螺纹φ5孔的加工余量及公差9 3.3.6切断φ26的叉口9 3.4切削用量的计算9 3.4.1工序Ⅰ:粗铣拨叉头的上下表面9 3.4.2工序Ⅱ:钻、粗铰、精铰Φ8孔10 3.4.3工序Ⅲ:粗铣、半精铣、精铣φ26的上下端面11 3.4.4.工序Ⅳ:钻、扩孔钻、粗铰、精铰φ26的叉口12 3.4.5工序Ⅴ:钻、攻螺纹φ5的孔14 3.4.6工序Ⅵ:切断φ26的叉口15 3.4.7.工序Ⅶ:检验15 3.5时间定额的计算15 3.5.1基本时间15 3.5.2辅助时间16 3.5.3其他时间16 3.5.4单件时间16 4.夹具设计18 4.1问题的提出18 4.2夹具设计18 4.2.1定位方案18 4.2.2夹紧机构18 4.2.3夹具与机床联接元件18 4.2.4定位误差分析19 4.2.5切削力与夹紧力的计算19 5.体会与展望21 6.参考文献22 1.零件的工艺分析及生产类型的确定 1.1零件的用途 该拨叉应用在某拖拉机变速箱的换挡机构中。拨叉头以Φ26mm孔套在变速叉轴上,并用螺钉经Φ5mm孔与变速叉轴联结,拨叉脚则夹在双联变换齿轮的槽中。当需要变速时,操纵变速杆,变速操纵机构就通过拨叉头部的操纵孔带动拨叉与变速叉轴一起在变速箱中滑移,拨叉脚拨动双联变换齿轮在花键轴上滑动以改换档位,从而改变拖拉机的行驶速度。两个零件铸在一起,加工时分开。
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