我这次设计的题目是球面切削专用设备。该专用设备的设计方案主要依据仿形车削的工作原理。其中包括床头箱的设计和进给机构的设计。床头箱要满足4级变速,并能在更换工件时迅速制动。进给机构包括纵向进给液压缸、横向进给液压缸,曲柄滑块机构和型槽。
车刀的纵、横两方向移动均采用液压驱动,因此液压系统的设计是否合理直接影响到机床的工作性能。在液压系统中,床鞍及滑块的运动方向分别由各自的三位四通电磁换向阀控制,其运动速度由安装在各自油缸回油路上的调速阀及二位二通电磁换向阀联合控制。由溢流阀调整系统油压,调整后的数值可由压力表测出。
该设备的电气部分采用PLC控制。它可靠性高,抗干扰能力强,结构简单,功耗低,并由实际情况考虑,决定采用F1三菱系列PLC。
一个好的专用设备应该达到:1)提高生产率和工人劳动生产率,显着减轻工人劳动强.2)工作稳定可靠,使用寿命长。3)易于维修,成本低。根据理论验证,上述方案基本达到要求。
关键词:仿形车床;液压系统;PLC
Abstract
The topic of this graduatio
n project of mi
ne is that the sphere cuts the dedicated device . Operatio
n pri
nciple of mai
n basis profile modelli
ng tur
ni
ng of desig
n pla
n of this dedicated device . I
nclude the desig
n of the bedside case a
nd e
nter to the desig
n of the orga
nizatio
n. The bedside case wa
nts satisfied 4 grades to cha
nge speed, a
nd ca
n apply the brake rapidly while cha
ngi
ng the work piece . E
nter to the orga
nizatio
n i
ncludi
ng getti
ng vertical, trough of slippery orga
nizatio
ns of cra
nk a
nd type. The vertical , two horizo
ntal directio
ns of the lathe tool move a
nd adopt the hydraulic pressure to urge , so the desig
n systematic i
n hydraulic pressure i
nflue
nces the worki
ng performa
nce of the lathe directly ratio
nally. Amo
ng hydraulic pressure system, bed saddle slip sport directio
n of piece co
ntrol by o
ne's ow
n 3 electromag
netic reversi
ng valve of Sto
ne separately, sport its speed i
nstall i
n each cyli
nder goi
ng back to tra
nsfer speed valve a
nd 2 electromag
netic reversi
ng valves 2 times joi
ntly co
ntrol oil passagi
ng. Is it flow valve adjust systematic oil pressure , adjust
number value after ca
n be measured by the ma
nometer to overflow. A fi
ne dedicated device should reach : 1)Boost productivity a
nd worker labor productivity, lighte
n worker work stro
ng
notably. 2)It is reliable that the work is steady, have lo
ng performa
nce life. 3)Easy to mai
ntai
n, with low costs. Verify accordi
ng to theory above-me
ntio
ned schemes reach dema
ndi
ng basically. Keyword: copyi
ng lathe ; hydraulic pressure system ;PLC 第1章球面车削专用设备总体设计1 1.1被加工零件方案设计分析1 1.2机床的运动的确定1 1.3机床主要技术参数的确定1 1.3.1主轴转速的确定1 1.3.2进给量的确定1 1.3.3主运动驱动电动机功率的确定1 第二章主传动设计3 2.1主传动的运动设计3 2.1.1选定公比3 2.1.2齿轮齿数的计算4 2.2主传动的结构设计5 2.3各齿轮的设计计算6 2.3.1齿轮接触疲劳强度计算6 2.3.2确定主要几何参数和尺寸7 2.4主轴组件的设计10 2.4.1主轴组件的功用10 2.4.2主轴组件的基本要求10 2.4.3主轴组件的布局10 2.4.4主轴的设计计算10 2.5传动轴的设计计算13 第三章主轴箱展开图的设计13 3.1各零件结构和尺寸设计13 3.1.1设计内容和步骤13 3.1.2有关零件结构和尺寸的确定13 3.1.3各轴结构的设计15 3.1.4主轴组件的刚度和刚度损失的计算16 3.1.5轴承的校核18 3.2装配图的设计20 第4章液压进给机构设计20 4.1进给机构结构设计20 4.2纵向进给液压缸性能参数的计算20 4.2.1纵向进给液压缸主要尺寸的确定20 4.2.2纵向进给液压缸活塞杆的稳定性验算和强度校核22 4.3横向进给液压缸主要参数的确定23 第5章液压系统的设计23 5.1液压系统的组成23 5.2液压缸的结构设计23 5.3计算在各工作阶段液压缸所需流量24 5.3.1纵向进给液压缸24 5.3.2横向进给液压缸25 5.4油泵电机的选择25 第6章电气部分设计25 6.1电气设备概述25 6.1.1电气控制的主电路部分设计26 6.1.2电气控制的变压系统部分设计26 6.2 PLC在本课题中的应用26 6.2.1采用PLC的控制对象分析26 6.2.2选用和确定I/O设备27 6.2.3选择PLC的型号及I/O点数的分析27 6.2.4控制程序设计28 6.2.5上述控制程序中所应用列的主要元器件介绍32 致谢33 参考文献35
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n project of mi
ne is that the sphere cuts the dedicated device . Operatio
n pri
nciple of mai
n basis profile modelli
ng tur
ni
ng of desig
n pla
n of this dedicated device . I
nclude the desig
n of the bedside case a
nd e
nter to the desig
n of the orga
nizatio
n. The bedside case wa
nts satisfied 4 grades to cha
nge speed, a
nd ca
n apply the brake rapidly while cha
ngi
ng the work piece . E
nter to the orga
nizatio
n i
ncludi
ng getti
ng vertical, trough of slippery orga
nizatio
ns of cra
nk a
nd type. The vertical , two horizo
ntal directio
ns of the lathe tool move a
nd adopt the hydraulic pressure to urge , so the desig
n systematic i
n hydraulic pressure i
nflue
nces the worki
ng performa
nce of the lathe directly ratio
nally. Amo
ng hydraulic pressure system, bed saddle slip sport directio
n of piece co
ntrol by o
ne's ow
n 3 electromag
netic reversi
ng valve of Sto
ne separately, sport its speed i
nstall i
n each cyli
nder goi
ng back to tra
nsfer speed valve a
nd 2 electromag
netic reversi
ng valves 2 times joi
ntly co
ntrol oil passagi
ng. Is it flow valve adjust systematic oil pressure , adjust
number value after ca
n be measured by the ma
nometer to overflow. A fi
ne dedicated device should reach : 1)Boost productivity a
nd worker labor productivity, lighte
n worker work stro
ng
notably. 2)It is reliable that the work is steady, have lo
ng performa
nce life. 3)Easy to mai
ntai
n, with low costs. Verify accordi
ng to theory above-me
ntio
ned schemes reach dema
ndi
ng basically. Keyword: copyi
ng lathe ; hydraulic pressure system ;PLC 第1章球面车削专用设备总体设计1 1.1被加工零件方案设计分析1 1.2机床的运动的确定1 1.3机床主要技术参数的确定1 1.3.1主轴转速的确定1 1.3.2进给量的确定1 1.3.3主运动驱动电动机功率的确定1 第二章主传动设计3 2.1主传动的运动设计3 2.1.1选定公比3 2.1.2齿轮齿数的计算4 2.2主传动的结构设计5 2.3各齿轮的设计计算6 2.3.1齿轮接触疲劳强度计算6 2.3.2确定主要几何参数和尺寸7 2.4主轴组件的设计10 2.4.1主轴组件的功用10 2.4.2主轴组件的基本要求10 2.4.3主轴组件的布局10 2.4.4主轴的设计计算10 2.5传动轴的设计计算13 第三章主轴箱展开图的设计13 3.1各零件结构和尺寸设计13 3.1.1设计内容和步骤13 3.1.2有关零件结构和尺寸的确定13 3.1.3各轴结构的设计15 3.1.4主轴组件的刚度和刚度损失的计算16 3.1.5轴承的校核18 3.2装配图的设计20 第4章液压进给机构设计20 4.1进给机构结构设计20 4.2纵向进给液压缸性能参数的计算20 4.2.1纵向进给液压缸主要尺寸的确定20 4.2.2纵向进给液压缸活塞杆的稳定性验算和强度校核22 4.3横向进给液压缸主要参数的确定23 第5章液压系统的设计23 5.1液压系统的组成23 5.2液压缸的结构设计23 5.3计算在各工作阶段液压缸所需流量24 5.3.1纵向进给液压缸24 5.3.2横向进给液压缸25 5.4油泵电机的选择25 第6章电气部分设计25 6.1电气设备概述25 6.1.1电气控制的主电路部分设计26 6.1.2电气控制的变压系统部分设计26 6.2 PLC在本课题中的应用26 6.2.1采用PLC的控制对象分析26 6.2.2选用和确定I/O设备27 6.2.3选择PLC的型号及I/O点数的分析27 6.2.4控制程序设计28 6.2.5上述控制程序中所应用列的主要元器件介绍32 致谢33 参考文献35
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