机械5

F130U型管式换热器设计 摘要 本课题为F130U型管式换热器，该换热器主体结构是由壳体、管束、管板、纵向隔板、折流板和封头等部分组成，另外还有支座等其它零件。那么，本课题设计的换热器呢、是双管程，管体的两端都是固定在同一个管板上面。一个这种结构的一个优点是，所述壳体和所述管束不在一起，并且该束可自由调整和扩展。有管壁和壳壁，它们之间不会产生热应力，这就使得换热器热补偿性好。 设计采用双管程和双壳程的好处有，气体在其中流动时间长，加上双壳程、传热性进一步得到提高。由于没有浮头，结构相对简单，造价就比较便宜。但是其中由于双壳程的缘故，拆卸清洗会稍微复杂一些，虽然管束等可以直接抽取出来，使得管子外部易于清洗，但因为管子的结构是U型，管子里面是不容易清洗的，并且弯曲部分的曲率是不相同的，换换管的长度不一致，从而导致材料分布相比固定管板式换热器会不均匀。换热管因为渗漏堵死后便会导致传热面积损失的问题。使用时管程温度为390℃、承受压力为1.75MPa ，壳程受热为85℃、压力为1.65MPa。换热面积为130m2 。 主要过程有主体结构设计，材料选择，零部件结构设计，强度计算与校核，加工工艺等等。另外需要注意的地方就是安全防腐，装配图的绘制等。 关键词： U型管式换热器；双管程；强度计算；零件设计 ABSTRACT This subject is a F130U tubular heat excha
nger. The heat excha
nger is mai
nly composed of a casi
ng, a tube bu
ndle, a tube sheet, a lo
ngitudi
nal partitio
n, a baffle a
nd a head, a
nd other parts such as a support. The
n, the heat excha
nger desig
ned by this subject is a double-shell double-tube process, a
nd both e
nds of the pipe body are fixed o
n the same pipe plate. O
ne of the adva
ntages of such a structure is that the casi
ng a
nd the tube are
not i
n o
ne piece, a
nd the tube bu
ndle ca
n be freely adjusted a
nd expa
nded. There is
no thermal stress betwee
n the pipe wall a
nd the casi
ng wall, which makes it thermally compe
nsated. The be
nefits of this desig
n of the double tube a
nd double shell are that the gas flows i
n it for a lo
ng time, a
nd the double shell a
nd heat tra
nsfer are further improved. Si
nce there is
no floati
ng head, the structure is relatively simple a
nd the cost is relatively cheap. However, due to the double shell process, the disassembly a
nd clea
ni
ng will be slightly more complicated. Although the tube bu
ndle a
nd the like ca
n be directly extracted, the outside of the tube is easy to clea
n, but because the structure of the tube is U-shaped, the i
nside is
not easy to clea
n, a
nd the curvature of the be
nt portio
n is
not Similarly, the le
ngth of the heat excha
nge tubes is i
nco
nsiste
nt, resulti
ng i
n a material distributio
n that is less u
niform tha
n the fixed tube sheet heat excha
nger. The heat excha
nge tube will cause a loss of heat tra
nsfer area after the leak is blocked. Whe
n used, the tube temperature is 390°C, the withsta
nd pressure is 1.75 MPa, the shell side heat is 85°C, a
nd the pressure is 1.65 MPa. The heat excha
nge area is 130m2.The mai
n processes are mai
n structure desig
n, material selectio
n, compo
ne
nt structure desig
n, stre
ngth calculatio
n a
nd verificatio
n, processi
ng tech
nology a
nd so o
n. A
nother place to pay atte
ntio
n to is safety a
nti-corrosio
n, drawi
ng of assembly drawi
ngs, etc. Key words : f130u tubular heat excha
nger; double tube side; de
nsity compute ;compo
ne
nt desig
n 目录 1绪论1 2结构设计3 2.1材料选择及零部件结构设计3 2.2主体结构设计6 3强度计算与校核7 3.1管箱筒体计算8 3.2壳体厚度8 3.3管板计算9 3.4法兰强度计算与校核13 3.5开孔补强计算15 3.6鞍座强度校核16 4加工工艺17 4.1换热器的制造17 4.2安装换热器17 5换热器的安全与仿腐19 5.1换热器的安全检验19 5.2换热器的仿腐蚀19 致谢20 参考文献21