机械5

摘要 花椒采摘是花椒生产的一个非常重要的部分。选用的劳动力占整个生产过程的1 / 3-1 / 2，不仅季节性较强而且复较杂。花椒采摘机的使用给我们带来很大的好处，手工采摘花椒时可以解决高成本，低效率和劳动强度的问题。另外，现在所用到的比较大型的采摘机械耗资比较大，而且携带也不太方便，所以并没有广泛普及，而是用在一些投资规模比较大的农场中使用。针对于少量种植花椒的农户来讲，应用起来不太现实。本次设计则解决的是这样的问题。 本着简单实用的目的，在这里设计了一款新型的花椒采摘机构。该设计所用的支撑杆为可伸缩型的薄壁结构，一端连接固定把手，并且在下端固定有控制线的伸缩滑轮，方便操作。另一个伸缩端则固定了采摘机构。本设计所用到的控制线选择从伸缩杆内部通过，可以避免挂在树枝上，或者线头缠绕锁死的情况。另外采用了三级伸缩的设计，每一级伸缩的长度是一米，全部伸开则为三米，1-3米的设计，则方便采摘生长在不同高度的花椒。 【关键词】采摘机机械设计 Abstract Pepper picki
ng is a very importa
nt part of the productio
n of peppercor
ns. The selected labor force accou
nts for 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the e
ntire productio
n process, which is
not o
nly seaso
nal but also more complex. The use of pepper picki
ng machi
nes has brought us great be
nefits. Whe
n picki
ng peppers ma
nually, it ca
n solve the problems of high cost, low efficie
ncy a
nd labor i
nte
nsity. I
n additio
n, the relatively large-scale picki
ng machi
nes curre
ntly used are relatively expe
nsive a
nd are
not co
nve
nie
nt to carry, so they are
not widely used but are used i
n some farms with relatively large i
nvestme
nt scale. For a small
number of farmers pla
nti
ng pepper, the applicatio
n is
not realistic. This desig
n solves this problem. For a simple a
nd practical purpose, a
new type of pepper picki
ng mecha
nism was desig
ned here. The support rod used i
n this desig
n is a retractable thi
n-walled structure. O
ne e
nd is co
n
nected with a fixed ha
ndle, a
nd a telescopic pulley with a co
ntrol wire is fixed at the lower e
nd to facilitate the operatio
n. A
nother telescopic e
nd holds the picki
ng mecha
nism. The co
ntrol li
ne used i
n this desig
n is chose
n to pass through the i
nterior of the telescopic rod, which ca
n avoid ha
ngi
ng o
n the bra
nch, or the situatio
n that the thread e
nd is locked a
nd locked. I
n additio
n, a three-stage retractable desig
n is adopted. The retractable le
ngth of each level is o
ne meter, a
nd all the exte
nsio
ns are three meters. The desig
n of 1-3 meters is co
nve
nie
nt for picki
ng peppers grow
n at differe
nt heights. [Keywords] mecha
nical desig
n of picki
ng machi
ne 目录 1.绪论4 1.1项目背景4 1.2选题意义4 2.1花椒采摘机简介4 2.2花椒采摘机技术简介5 1.3花椒采摘机在国内外发展现状7 1.4本文的主要内容9 2.花椒采摘器结构的设计11 2.1引言11 2.2花椒采摘器设计的基本要求11 2.3花椒采摘器方案设计11 2.4本章小结13 3.花椒采摘器各结构原理14 3.1花椒采摘器工作原理14 3.2力矩传输结构15 3.3伸缩杆结构16 3.4材料分析及选择17 3.5电动机的选择18 第四章主要零部件的结构设计、计算及校核21 4.1偏心轮机构的设计及强度校核计算21 4.2伸缩机构设计及校核26 3.3旋转轴螺纹及螺母计算31 3.4键的选择与设计37 3.5影响采摘能力的主要因素37 第四章总结与展望39 4.1总结39 4.2展望39 参考文献40 致谢42