机械5

水果清洗机设计 摘要 水果清洗机是用于清洗水果的机械，是水果供应企业进行水果自动化加工的关键设备之一。为实现将水果自动清洗的功能，设计一种网链式输送水果清洗机，以利于水果的保鲜储藏和后续加工。 本设计基于清洗机械的研究现状和发展状况，根据清洗机的类型、结构特点和工作原理，结合相关设计手册,通过对清洗机工艺参数及动力学参数的选择计算，电动机的选择，联轴器的选择，链轮的设计，完善清洗机的总体设计。该水果机具有启动平稳、工作可靠和效率高等特点，适合苹果、桃、橘子和红枣等水果的清洗加工。 动力部分由电动机、减速器，输入轴为主，其余部分参考外购件的参数加以整合设计。而重点设计的是水果清洗结构。在计算过程中，轴的设计是重点。首先提出水果清洗的工作原理，进行结构设计；然后确定一些原始数据，计算出各个轴的转速、功率、转矩。最后绘制水果清洗机的装配图及典型零件的零件图，对水果清洗机的关键参数进行计算和校核。 零件将全部采用solidworks软件进行计算机辅助设计，设计过程中经过较为精确的测量和计算后将所得的数据进行三维建模，利用模型进行模拟装配和干涉检查。构想通过创建三维模型这样一个平台来验证所做的设计，以便于对设计中的细节进行改进。设计完成后，利用Solidworks建立水果清洗机的3D装配模型；较为逼真地体现外型设计的效果及水果清洗机的主要结构及尺寸关系，绘制二维的零件图，装配图。 关键词：网链式；水果清洗机； 3D装配模型 Abstract Fruitwashi
ng machi
ne for fruit clea
ni
ng machi
nery, is o
ne of the key equipme
nt of the fruit supply e
nterprises i
n the processi
ng of fruits a
nd automatio
n. I
n order to facilitate fresh fruit storage a
nd subseque
nt processi
ng, a
network chai
n co
nveyor fruitwashi
ng machi
ne is desig
ned to impleme
nt the fu
nctio
n of fruits automatic clea
ni
ng. The desig
n is based o
n the research status a
nd developme
nt of clea
ni
ng machi
nery, accordi
ng to the type ofwashi
ng machi
ne, structural characteristics a
ndworki
ng pri
nciple, combi
nedwith related desig
n ma
nuals, selectio
n a
nd calculatio
n of process parameters a
nd the ki
netic parameters of thewashi
ng machi
ne, the choice of motor, coupli
ng the choice of the desig
n of the sprocket, a
nd improve the overall desig
n of thewashi
ng machi
ne. The fruit machi
ne has to start a smooth, reliable operatio
n a
nd high efficie
ncy, suitable for clea
ni
ng a
nd processi
ng of apple, peach, ora
nge a
nd red dates a
nd other fruits. The dy
namic part co
nsists of motor, reducer, the i
nput shaft mai
n, the rest of the refere
nce parameters of the purchased parts to i
ntegrate desig
n. Focused o
n the desig
n is the fruit clea
ni
ng structure. I
n the calculatio
n process, the desig
n of the shaft is the key. First proposed the fruit clea
nsi
ngworks, for the structural desig
n; a
nd the
n determi
ne some of the origi
nal data to calculate the shaft speed, power, torque. Fi
nally, draw fruitwashi
ng machi
ne assembly drawi
ng a
nd typical compo
ne
nt graphs, calculatio
n a
ndverificatio
n of the key parameters of the fruitwashi
ng machi
ne. Its partswill be usi
ng solidworks software for computer-aided desig
n, data more atccurate measureme
nts a
nd calculatio
nswill be obtai
ned i
n the desig
n process, 3D modeli
ng, usi
ng the model to simulate the assembly a
nd i
nterfere
nce checki
ng. i
n order to improve o
n the details of the desig
n,Idea toverify the desig
n do
ne by creati
ng three-dime
nsio
nal model of such a platform. Desig
n is complete, the use of Solidworks 3D assembly model to establish the fruitwashi
ng machi
ne; more realistically reflect the effect of the exterior desig
n a
nd fruitwashi
ng machi
ne, structure a
nd size relatio
ns, drawi
ng two-dime
nsio
nal part drawi
ngs, assembly drawi
ngs. Keywords: Network chai
n； Fruitwashi
ng machi
ne；3D assembly model. 目录 引言6 1清洗机的概况及现状分析6 1.1概况…………………………………………………………………………….6 1.2现状分析7 1.3清洗工艺及设备设计的要求7 2方案的设计8 2.1论述…………………………………………………………………………….8 2.1.1清洗机方案选择8 2.1.2结构9 2.2机械结构的设计10 2.2.1传动方案的分析拟定10 2.2.2设计方案的选择13 2.3电动机的选择14 2.3.1电动机功率的选择14 2.3.2确定电动机的转速15 2.3.3电动机的型号的确定15 2.4减速机的选择15 3传动机构的设计计算16 3.1链轮的选择计算16 3.2链轮几何尺寸计算17 3.3主要失效形式18 4辅助设备的选择19 4.1输送带的选择19 4.2张紧机构的设计19 4.3调整机构的设计20 4.4整体槽体的设计20 4.5泵的选择20 4.6减速器的选择21 5主要部分零件的设计计算及校核21 5.1轴的设计计算21 5.1.1初算轴的直径21 5.1.2轴的结构设计22 5.2轴的受力分析及强度校核23 5.2.1水果清洗机的轴用键受力分析23 5.2.2按弯扭合成应力校核轴的强度条件计算24 5.3键的选择及其校核25 5.3.1减速机轴上键的选择25 5.3.2水果清洗机的轴用键校核26 5.4联轴器的选择29 5.4.1联轴器的选用29 5.4.2联轴器的型号和主要尺寸29 5.5滚动轴承及轴承座的选择30 5.5.1类型选择30 5.5.2型号选择31 5.5.3轴承的结构和定位方法31 5.5.4滚动轴承润滑和密封32 5.5.5滚动轴承座的选择及其配置32 6水果清洗机的三维建模与设计32 6.1 Solidworks软件概述32 6.2水果清洗机三维模型的组装32 总结36 谢辞38 参考文献39