F90立式固定管板式原油预热器机械设计
摘要
本设计的目的是一个立式固定管板式原油预热器的机械设计,其中温度和压力是设定的,在选择设计参数的基础上,再参考相关的文献,通过计算完成立式固定管板原油预热器的结构设计和技术要求。
据立式固定管板式原油预热器设计的要求,设计步骤可以设置。设计包括热交换管,挡板选择板,棒和材料的其它部分,管箱,管板,法兰和结构设计等部位,确定检查的厚度和强度。正在进行结构设计,有许多必须思考到的的要素,如材料的性质,施加压力和温度范围内,缩放功能,媒体属性,便于清洗等维护。最后,综合考虑以上需要考虑的因素,选择最理想的结构形式。同时绘制根据立式固定管板原油预热器粗附图结构的设计满足要求,将包含在相关技术要求图纸上。
在这种立式固定管板式原油预热器的设计过程中,设计应按照有关规定,如压力容器管壳式换热器等,以满足最终设计结果的规定。符合要求的生产线也被认为是完整的结构设计,实现安全生产。
关键词:强度;压力;材料;结构
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this desig
n is avertical fixed tube plate oil preheater mecha
nical desig
n, i
nwhich the pressure a
nd temperature a
nd the set,which is
necessary because the basis for the selectio
n of the desig
n parameters, a
nd the
n refer to the releva
nt literature, rely o
n computi
ng achievevertical fixed tube plate oil preheater desig
n a
nd tech
nical requireme
nts. Accordi
ngvertical fixed tube plate oil preheater desig
n requireme
nts, desig
n steps ca
n be set. Desig
n i
ncludes a heat excha
nger tube, baffle optio
n board, the rest of the rod a
nd materials, tube box, tube sheets, fla
nges a
nd other parts of the structural desig
n, to determi
ne the thick
ness a
nd stre
ngth check. Carryi
ng out structural desig
n, there are ma
ny factors to co
nsider, such as the
nature of the material, applyi
ng a
n i
nter
nal pressure a
nd temperature ra
nge, thezoom fu
nctio
n, media properties, easy clea
ni
ng a
nd mai
nte
na
nce. Fi
nally, co
nsideri
ng the above factors
need to be co
nsidered, select the best structure. Accordi
ng to the same time drawi
ng avertical fixed tube plate oil preheaters are desig
ned to meet the requireme
nts of crude drawi
ngs structure, itwill be i
ncluded i
n the releva
nt tech
nical requireme
nts of drawi
ngs. I
n such avertical fixed tube plate oil preheater desig
n process, the desig
n should be i
n accorda
ncewith the releva
nt provisio
ns, such as the pressurevessel shell a
nd tube heat excha
ngers, etc., i
n order to meet the fi
nal desig
n requireme
nts. Meet the requireme
nts of the productio
n li
ne is also co
nsidered a complete structural desig
n, to achieve safe productio
n Keywords The i
nte
nsity of;pressure; material;structure 目录 1绪论1 1.1换热器的概念和意义1 1.2换热器的分类1 1.3立式固定管板式换热器简介1 1.3.1立式固定管板式换热器的优缺点2 1.4设计方案简介2 1.4.1设计任务、目的2 1.4.2设计思想2 1.4.3设计标准2 2立式固定管板式原油预热器的主体结构设计3 2.1立式固定管板式原油预热器工艺条件3 2.2估算设备的尺寸3 2.2.1初选结构3 2.2.2计算传热管数4 2.2.3计算壳程直径D 4 2.2.4壁厚的确定4 2.3换热管与管板的连接4 2.5管板与管箱的连接6 2.6单壳程结构6 3原油预热器的材料选择和零部件结构7 3.1换热管7 3.1.1换热管的型式和尺寸7 3.2折流板7 3.2.1折流板的主要几何参数8 3.2.2折流板与壳体间隙8 3.2.3折流板厚度8 3.2.4折流板的管孔8 3.2.5材料的选取8 3.3拉杆与定距管9 3.3.1拉杆的结构形式9 3.3.2拉杆直径、数量和尺寸9 3.3.3拉杆的布置9 3.4防冲和导流9 3.5进出口的设计11 3.5.1接管外伸长度11 3.5.2壳程接管位置最小尺寸11 3.5.3管箱接管位置最小尺寸12 3.6管箱13 3.6.1管箱结构型式13 3.6.2管箱材料的选择14 3.7管板14 3.7.1管板结构14 3.7.2管板最小厚度与尺寸14 3.7.4管板材料15 3.8封头、法兰与垫片的选择15 3.8.1封头的选用15 3.8.2甲苯进、出口处的封头15 3.8.3法兰结构类型16 3.8.4垫片的分类16 4原油预热器的强度设计与校核17 4.1壳体、管箱的壁厚计算17 4.1.1壳体17 4.1.2管箱17 4.2法兰的强度校核18 4.2.1垫片18 4.2.2螺栓19 4.2.3法兰20 4.2.4法兰设计力矩20 4.3管板厚度计算21 4.3.1管板参数计算21 4.3.2结构尺寸21 4.3.3管板应力计算22 4.3.4操作力力矩23 4.3.5法兰预紧力23 4.3.6计算径向应力24 4.3.7计算设计力矩M和管板延长部分的法兰应力24 4.3.8应力校核25 4.4管子与管板连接拉脱力的校核26 4.4.1换热管轴向应力26 4.4.2换热管与管板连接拉脱力27 4.5开孔补强的计算27 4.5.1概述27 4.7压力试验28 4.7.1管程圆筒28 4.7.2壳程圆筒28 5立式固定管板式原油预热器的制造、安装、检验、清洗和维修30 5.1概述30 5.2原油预热器的制造30 5.2原油预热器日常维护及常见故障30 5.3预热器的清洗技术30 5.4检验30 5.5安装30 5.6容器的铭牌要求31 5.7换热器的油漆、包装、运输31 结论32 参考文献33 致谢34
展开...
n is avertical fixed tube plate oil preheater mecha
nical desig
n, i
nwhich the pressure a
nd temperature a
nd the set,which is
necessary because the basis for the selectio
n of the desig
n parameters, a
nd the
n refer to the releva
nt literature, rely o
n computi
ng achievevertical fixed tube plate oil preheater desig
n a
nd tech
nical requireme
nts. Accordi
ngvertical fixed tube plate oil preheater desig
n requireme
nts, desig
n steps ca
n be set. Desig
n i
ncludes a heat excha
nger tube, baffle optio
n board, the rest of the rod a
nd materials, tube box, tube sheets, fla
nges a
nd other parts of the structural desig
n, to determi
ne the thick
ness a
nd stre
ngth check. Carryi
ng out structural desig
n, there are ma
ny factors to co
nsider, such as the
nature of the material, applyi
ng a
n i
nter
nal pressure a
nd temperature ra
nge, thezoom fu
nctio
n, media properties, easy clea
ni
ng a
nd mai
nte
na
nce. Fi
nally, co
nsideri
ng the above factors
need to be co
nsidered, select the best structure. Accordi
ng to the same time drawi
ng avertical fixed tube plate oil preheaters are desig
ned to meet the requireme
nts of crude drawi
ngs structure, itwill be i
ncluded i
n the releva
nt tech
nical requireme
nts of drawi
ngs. I
n such avertical fixed tube plate oil preheater desig
n process, the desig
n should be i
n accorda
ncewith the releva
nt provisio
ns, such as the pressurevessel shell a
nd tube heat excha
ngers, etc., i
n order to meet the fi
nal desig
n requireme
nts. Meet the requireme
nts of the productio
n li
ne is also co
nsidered a complete structural desig
n, to achieve safe productio
n Keywords The i
nte
nsity of;pressure; material;structure 目录 1绪论1 1.1换热器的概念和意义1 1.2换热器的分类1 1.3立式固定管板式换热器简介1 1.3.1立式固定管板式换热器的优缺点2 1.4设计方案简介2 1.4.1设计任务、目的2 1.4.2设计思想2 1.4.3设计标准2 2立式固定管板式原油预热器的主体结构设计3 2.1立式固定管板式原油预热器工艺条件3 2.2估算设备的尺寸3 2.2.1初选结构3 2.2.2计算传热管数4 2.2.3计算壳程直径D 4 2.2.4壁厚的确定4 2.3换热管与管板的连接4 2.5管板与管箱的连接6 2.6单壳程结构6 3原油预热器的材料选择和零部件结构7 3.1换热管7 3.1.1换热管的型式和尺寸7 3.2折流板7 3.2.1折流板的主要几何参数8 3.2.2折流板与壳体间隙8 3.2.3折流板厚度8 3.2.4折流板的管孔8 3.2.5材料的选取8 3.3拉杆与定距管9 3.3.1拉杆的结构形式9 3.3.2拉杆直径、数量和尺寸9 3.3.3拉杆的布置9 3.4防冲和导流9 3.5进出口的设计11 3.5.1接管外伸长度11 3.5.2壳程接管位置最小尺寸11 3.5.3管箱接管位置最小尺寸12 3.6管箱13 3.6.1管箱结构型式13 3.6.2管箱材料的选择14 3.7管板14 3.7.1管板结构14 3.7.2管板最小厚度与尺寸14 3.7.4管板材料15 3.8封头、法兰与垫片的选择15 3.8.1封头的选用15 3.8.2甲苯进、出口处的封头15 3.8.3法兰结构类型16 3.8.4垫片的分类16 4原油预热器的强度设计与校核17 4.1壳体、管箱的壁厚计算17 4.1.1壳体17 4.1.2管箱17 4.2法兰的强度校核18 4.2.1垫片18 4.2.2螺栓19 4.2.3法兰20 4.2.4法兰设计力矩20 4.3管板厚度计算21 4.3.1管板参数计算21 4.3.2结构尺寸21 4.3.3管板应力计算22 4.3.4操作力力矩23 4.3.5法兰预紧力23 4.3.6计算径向应力24 4.3.7计算设计力矩M和管板延长部分的法兰应力24 4.3.8应力校核25 4.4管子与管板连接拉脱力的校核26 4.4.1换热管轴向应力26 4.4.2换热管与管板连接拉脱力27 4.5开孔补强的计算27 4.5.1概述27 4.7压力试验28 4.7.1管程圆筒28 4.7.2壳程圆筒28 5立式固定管板式原油预热器的制造、安装、检验、清洗和维修30 5.1概述30 5.2原油预热器的制造30 5.2原油预热器日常维护及常见故障30 5.3预热器的清洗技术30 5.4检验30 5.5安装30 5.6容器的铭牌要求31 5.7换热器的油漆、包装、运输31 结论32 参考文献33 致谢34
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