数控车床床身的加工工艺及夹具设计
摘要
机床夹具设计是现代机械零件制造和加工过程中,不能缺少的组成部分。机床夹具依据其类型不同分成不同种类,以适应不同复杂程度的零件和不同的加工工序和工步等。所以,对其进行研究有意义。
本次研究的对象是数控车床上重要零件—床身。研究的数控车床在加工车间使用广泛,主要作用有放置主轴箱、导轨等重要的零部件,为机床的正常工作提供保障。设计内容包含工艺设计和夹具设计。
在对零件图解读后,确定零件生产类型,编写工艺路线,确定主轴转速、切削量等,填写工序卡。完成零件图、毛坯图绘制。经过分析决定设计钻5-M10螺纹孔钻床专用夹具,确定定位、夹紧方案;选择定位、夹紧元件;设计夹具体等。
关键词:数控车床、床身、工艺、5-M10螺纹孔、钻床
ABSTRACT
The desig
n of machi
ne tool fixtures is a
n i
ndispe
nsable compo
ne
nt i
n the ma
nufacture a
nd processi
ng of moder
n machi
ne parts. The machi
ne tool fixtures are divided i
nto differe
nt types depe
ndi
ng o
n their type, so as to adapt to differe
nt complicated parts a
nd differe
nt processi
ng procedures a
nd steps. Therefore, it makes se
nse to study it. The object of this study is the importa
nt part of the CNC lathe—the bed. The CNC lathes studied arewidely used i
n the processi
ngworkshops. The mai
n fu
nctio
ns of the CNC lathes are to place importa
nt parts such as spi
ndle boxes a
nd guide rails,which provide guara
ntees for the
normal operatio
n of the machi
ne tool. Desig
n co
nte
nt i
ncludes process desig
n a
nd fixture desig
n. After i
nterpretatio
n of the parts drawi
ng, determi
ne the type of part productio
n, prepare the process route, determi
ne the spi
ndle speed, cutti
ng amou
nt, etc., a
nd fill i
n the process card. Complete the drawi
ng of parts a
nd bla
nks. After a
nalysis, it is determi
ned that the special drilli
ng fixture for 5-M10 threaded hole drilli
ng is desig
ned to determi
ne the positio
ni
ng a
nd clampi
ng scheme; the positio
ni
ng a
nd clampi
ng eleme
nts are selected; the desig
n of the clamp is specified. Keywords CNC lathe, bed, process, 5-M10 tapped hole, drill press 目录 摘要I ABSTRACT II 第1章绪论1 1.1机床夹具的概述1 1.2机床夹具的分类1 1.3夹具设计的特点和基本要求2 1.3.1夹具设计的特点2 1.3.2夹具设计的基本要求2 1.4机床夹具在机械加工中的作用3 1.5机床夹具的发展趋势3 第2章零件的工艺性分析5 2.1零件的结构工艺性分析概述5 2.2零件的组成表面、技术要求及形位公差分析5 2.2.1零件的组成表面分析5 2.2.2零件的技术要求分析5 2.2.3零件的形位公差分析6 2.3零件的作用6 2.4零件材料的确定6 2.5确定零件的生产类型7 2.6确定零件的毛坯类型7 第3章拟定零件工艺路线9 3.1选择定位基准9 3.2确定各表面的加工方案9 3.3工艺路线的拟定10 3.4确定机床、夹具、刀具及量具11 3.5确定零件加工余量11 3.6计算切削用量及时间定额13 第4章专用夹具的设计25 4.1选择定位方案和定位元件25 4.1.1选择定位方案25 4.1.2选择定位元件25 4.2选择夹紧方案和夹紧元件26 4.2.1选择夹紧方案27 4.2.2选择夹紧元件27 4.3夹具体的设计27 4.4选择导向装置28 4.5计算钻削力29 4.6计算夹紧力29 4.7分析定位误差30 结论31 致谢32 参考文献33
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n of machi
ne tool fixtures is a
n i
ndispe
nsable compo
ne
nt i
n the ma
nufacture a
nd processi
ng of moder
n machi
ne parts. The machi
ne tool fixtures are divided i
nto differe
nt types depe
ndi
ng o
n their type, so as to adapt to differe
nt complicated parts a
nd differe
nt processi
ng procedures a
nd steps. Therefore, it makes se
nse to study it. The object of this study is the importa
nt part of the CNC lathe—the bed. The CNC lathes studied arewidely used i
n the processi
ngworkshops. The mai
n fu
nctio
ns of the CNC lathes are to place importa
nt parts such as spi
ndle boxes a
nd guide rails,which provide guara
ntees for the
normal operatio
n of the machi
ne tool. Desig
n co
nte
nt i
ncludes process desig
n a
nd fixture desig
n. After i
nterpretatio
n of the parts drawi
ng, determi
ne the type of part productio
n, prepare the process route, determi
ne the spi
ndle speed, cutti
ng amou
nt, etc., a
nd fill i
n the process card. Complete the drawi
ng of parts a
nd bla
nks. After a
nalysis, it is determi
ned that the special drilli
ng fixture for 5-M10 threaded hole drilli
ng is desig
ned to determi
ne the positio
ni
ng a
nd clampi
ng scheme; the positio
ni
ng a
nd clampi
ng eleme
nts are selected; the desig
n of the clamp is specified. Keywords CNC lathe, bed, process, 5-M10 tapped hole, drill press 目录 摘要I ABSTRACT II 第1章绪论1 1.1机床夹具的概述1 1.2机床夹具的分类1 1.3夹具设计的特点和基本要求2 1.3.1夹具设计的特点2 1.3.2夹具设计的基本要求2 1.4机床夹具在机械加工中的作用3 1.5机床夹具的发展趋势3 第2章零件的工艺性分析5 2.1零件的结构工艺性分析概述5 2.2零件的组成表面、技术要求及形位公差分析5 2.2.1零件的组成表面分析5 2.2.2零件的技术要求分析5 2.2.3零件的形位公差分析6 2.3零件的作用6 2.4零件材料的确定6 2.5确定零件的生产类型7 2.6确定零件的毛坯类型7 第3章拟定零件工艺路线9 3.1选择定位基准9 3.2确定各表面的加工方案9 3.3工艺路线的拟定10 3.4确定机床、夹具、刀具及量具11 3.5确定零件加工余量11 3.6计算切削用量及时间定额13 第4章专用夹具的设计25 4.1选择定位方案和定位元件25 4.1.1选择定位方案25 4.1.2选择定位元件25 4.2选择夹紧方案和夹紧元件26 4.2.1选择夹紧方案27 4.2.2选择夹紧元件27 4.3夹具体的设计27 4.4选择导向装置28 4.5计算钻削力29 4.6计算夹紧力29 4.7分析定位误差30 结论31 致谢32 参考文献33
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