机械5

摘要 夹具是零件加工的夹紧装置，是加工零件的一种必不可少的装置。夹具利用率高，经济性好，对功能组件的使用和数量少。随着零件的尺寸变化，越来越多的夹具被淘汰了，因此，设计一套专用夹具是十分有必要的。 活塞的加工工艺规程和铣端面的工艺设计、工序设计以及专用夹具的设计三部分。在工艺设计中要首先对零件进行分析，了解零件的工艺再设计出毛坯的结构，并选择好零件的加工基准，设计出零件的工艺路线；接着对零件各个工步的工序进行尺寸计算，关键是决定出各个工序的工艺装备及切削用量；然后进行专用夹具的设计，选择设计出夹具的各个组成部件，如定位元件、夹紧元件、引导元件、夹具体与机床的连接部件以及其它部件；计算出夹具定位时产生的定位误差，分析夹具结构的合理性与不足之处，并在以后设计中注意改进。 关键词：活塞;加工工艺;专用夹具;切削用量，夹紧，定位，误差。 Abstract Fixture is a clampi
ng device for parts processi
ng, a
nd it is a
n i
ndispe
nsable device for parts processi
ng. The fixture has the adva
ntages of high utilizatio
n rate, good eco
nomy a
nd less use a
nd qua
ntity of fu
nctio
nal compo
ne
nts. With the size cha
nge of parts, more a
nd more fixtures are elimi
nated, so it is
necessary to desig
n a set of special fixtures. Processi
ng procedure of pisto
n a
nd process desig
n of milli
ng e
nd face, process desig
n a
nd desig
n of special fixture are three parts. I
n the process desig
n,we should first a
nalyze the parts, u
ndersta
nd the process of the parts, the
n desig
n the structure of the bla
nk, a
nd select the processi
ng be
nchmark of the parts, the
n desig
n the process route of the parts; the
n calculate the size of the parts i
n each step, the key is to determi
ne the process equipme
nt a
nd cutti
ng parameters of each step; a
nd the
n desig
n the special fixture, select a
nd desig
n the fixture. Each compo
ne
nt, such as positio
ni
ng eleme
nt, clampi
ng eleme
nt, guidi
ng eleme
nt, fixture body a
nd machi
ne tool co
n
necti
ng parts a
nd other compo
ne
nts, calculates the positio
ni
ng error of fixture positio
ni
ng, a
nalyses the ratio
nality a
nd shortcomi
ngs of fixture structure, a
nd pays atte
ntio
n to improveme
nt i
n future desig
n. Keywords: pisto
n; processi
ng tech
nology; special fixture; cutti
ng parameters, clampi
ng, positio
ni
ng, error. 目录 前言1 第1章零件的分析2 1.1零件的作用2 1.2零件的各项技术要求2 1.3结构工艺性分析2 第1章工艺规程制定3 2.1机械加工工艺规程制订3 2.2机械加工工艺规程的组成3 2.3制订机械加工工艺规程的原始资料3 第3章工艺规程设计4 3.1确定毛坯的制造形式4 3.2基面的选择4 3.3选择加工方法5 3.3制定工艺路线5 3.4确定各表面的加工余量6 3.5选择加工设备及工艺装备7 3.6确定切削用量及基本工时8 第4章夹具设计25 4.1定位基准的选择25 4.2切削力及夹紧力的计算25 4.3定位误差分析26 4.4夹具设计及操作的简要说明27 谢辞28 参考文献29