机械5

履带式爬楼梯电动轮椅设计 摘要 随着我国科学技术的飞速发展，智能装备制造业的兴起，一些传统的设备、工具等重新被设计改造，使其更加智能化、人性化、可操作性更强。轮椅人们日常的生活中时常见到，他主要的服务对象是老年人或者下肢有残疾障碍的人士。在传统轮椅的使用当中，需要陪护使用人员，即在后方必须有一个人力单元将轮椅推行，而且面对障碍物如楼梯等场地时很多时候需要绕行或者抬起，以越过障碍物，这极大的造成了对患者的二次伤害。 本次设计针对传统的轮椅使用情况为背景，根据这一现象设计一种可以爬楼梯的智能轮椅，其主要功能有使用陀螺仪的原理根据体感控制小车前进或者后退拐弯等操作，轮椅集成上楼履带，在需要上楼爬坡的时候，控制履带上升，使履带面着地，在履带的强力摩擦下实现爬楼梯的功能。 在本文首先对已有的轮椅结构设计的思路上进行了深入分析，根据自我的观点去设计机构方面的方案，并对其进行参数选型计算，然后通过三维建模的方法将设计给进行图纸化后进一步进行优化设计方案，最后以三维设计软件来导出二维的工程图纸，实现设计本身的最终目的。 关键词：智能化轮椅爬楼梯轮椅三维设计 Abstract With the rapid developme
nt of scie
nce a
nd tech
nology i
n Chi
na a
nd the rise of i
ntellige
nt equipme
nt ma
nufacturi
ng i
ndustry, some traditio
nal equipme
nt a
nd tools have bee
n re desig
ned a
nd modified to make it more i
ntellige
nt, huma
nized a
nd more operable. Wheelchair people ofte
n see i
n their daily lives that their mai
n service targets are elderly or disabled perso
nswith disabilities i
n the lower extremities. I
n the use of the traditio
nalwheelchair, it is
necessary to accompa
ny the use of the perso
n
nel, that is, i
n the rear, there must be a huma
n u
nit to carry out thewheelchair, a
nd i
n the face of obstacles such as staircase, ma
ny times
need to bypass or lift, to cross the obstacle,which greatly causes the two i
njury to the patie
nt. This desig
n aims at the backgrou
nd of the use of the traditio
nalwheelchair. Accordi
ng to this phe
nome
no
n, desig
n a
n i
ntellige
ntwheelchair that ca
n climb stairs. The mai
n fu
nctio
n of this desig
n is to use the pri
nciple of gyroscope to co
ntrol the forward or backward tur
ni
ng of the car accordi
ng to the se
nse of body. Thewheelchair is i
ntegrated up the caterpillar, a
nd the caterpillar ca
n be co
ntrolledwhe
n it
needs to climb up the stairs. The rise of the track makes the crawler face to the grou
nd a
nd achieves the fu
nctio
n of stair climbi
ng u
nder the stro
ng frictio
n of the track. This paper first a
nalyzes the structure desig
n idea of the existi
ngwheelchair, desig
ns the structure scheme accordi
ng to his ow
n idea, a
nd calculates the parameter selectio
n of thewheelchair. Fi
nally, the desig
n drawi
ngs are desig
ned a
nd the desig
n scheme is optimized by theway of three-dime
nsio
nal modeli
ng. Fi
nally, the two dime
nsio
n e
ngi
neeri
ng drawi
ngs are derived through the three-dime
nsio
nal desig
n software to realize the fi
nal goal of the desig
n. Low. Keywords: i
ntellige
ntwheelchair stair climbi
ngwheelchair 3D desig
n 目录 引言1 第一章绪论2 1.1课题研究的背景资料2 1.2课题的国内外发展现状分析2 1.2.1国外的发展现状分析2 1.2.2国内爬楼梯轮椅的发展状况3 1.3课题研究的目的及意义4 1.4本章小结4 第二章设计方案5 2.1设计要求5 2.2设计方案5 2.2.1方案介绍5 2.2.2工作原理6 2.2.3轮椅的整体模型7 2.3本章小结7 第三章机械结构设计计算和选型8 3.1底盘行走结构设计8 3.2履带爬楼机构设计8 3.3座椅机构设计11 3.3.1电机的选用11 3.3.2减速器的选用12 3.4链传动设计13 3.5链轮传动轴的设计17 3.5.1传动轴的设计计算17 3.5.2传动轴的校核18 3.5.3轴承的选用校核19 3.6联轴器的选择20 3.7本章小结22 第四章控制系统的设计23 4.1控制系统的概述及其特点23 4.2控制面板23 4.3履带爬楼梯轮椅控制流程图24 4.4本章小结24 总结25 参考文献26 致谢27