机械5

摘要 随着城市建设规模的不断扩大和人们生活水平的不断提高，生活垃圾的运输与处理已成为人们不可忽视的卫生问题。高效的垃圾压缩运输是一种很好的解决方式，后压缩式垃圾车便是其中的一种常见结构形式。 本次设计课题来源于湖北程力汽车有限公司，主要根据总体结构设计的要求对垃圾车车厢和排出机构液压系统进行了设计。车厢是垃圾车的重要部件之一，主要起装载、运输垃圾之用。运输过程中，不良机构容易造成二次污染。根据设计要求，确定了厢体形状和主要尺寸参数，重点考虑它的密封性；排出机构主要是用来排卸垃圾以及在垃圾装载时提供一定的背压力，使压缩后的垃圾密度均匀；在设计过程中，首先计算液压缸的外部载荷，然后根据结果计算出液压缸的主要参数，进而一步步确定液压系统中其他元件的参数。 通过设计，新型后压缩式垃圾车降低了工人劳动强度，有效地解决了垃圾运输过程中飘、洒、漏等问题，提高了运输效率，降低了运输成本，达到了环保需求，满足了设计要求。 关键词：垃圾车,改装车,上装,压缩式 ABSTRACT With the co
nti
nued expa
nsio
n of the scale of urba
n co
nstructio
n a
nd people's livi
ng co
nditio
ns co
nti
nue to improve, it ca
n’t be
neglected that tra
nsporti
ng a
nd deali
ng with the livi
ng garbage become health problems. Efficie
nt tra
nsport of compressed garbage is a good solutio
n, which the garbage truck of rear loader compactor is a commo
n structural form. This desig
n topic is from Hubei Che
ngli Vehicles Co.,Ltd. Accordi
ng to the total desig
n requireme
nts, it is mai
nly aims at the garbage truck compartme
nt a
nd vehicle discharge mecha
nism desig
n. The compartme
nt is o
ne of the importa
nt parts mai
nly for the loadi
ng, tra
nsportatio
n trash. I
n the tra
nsport process, bad structure is easy to result i
n seco
ndary pollutio
n. Accordi
ng to the desig
n requireme
nts, the compartme
nt’s shape a
nd the mai
n size are desig
ned. However mai
n focus i
nto its u
ndergo. The discharge mecha
nism is mai
nly used to provide the certai
n backpressure which compresses the garbage de
nsity eve
nly. I
n the desig
n process, the hydraulic ta
nk exter
nal load is first calculated. The
n the mai
n hydraulic ta
nk parameters are calculated. Thus the followi
ng parameters are defi
ned. Through the desig
n, the
new style garbage truck of rear loader compactor greatly reduces the labor i
nte
nsity of the workers, effectively solve ma
ny problems, such as floati
ng, spilli
ng a
nd leaki
ng i
n the course of garbage tra
nsportatio
n, which improves tra
nsport efficie
ncy a
nd reduces the cost of tra
nsportatio
n. Thus the desig
n ca
n meet the e
nviro
nme
ntal requireme
nts a
nd the desig
n requireme
nts. Key words: garbage truck, modified cars, upload, compressio
n type 目录 第一章前言……………………………………………………………………2 第二章总体方案论证…………………………………………………………4 2.1本课题基本前提条件和技术要…………………………………………… 4 2.2结构方案确定……………………………………………………………… 4 第三章垃圾车厢体设计………………………………………………………7 3.1合理选择卸料方式…………………………………………………………7 3.2确定厢体设计方案………………………………………………………… 8 3.3垃圾车厢体成型工艺……………………………………………………… 9 第四章压缩式垃圾车排出油缸安装角及排出板斜度取值………… 13 4.1排出板的结构及工作情况…………………………………………………13 4.2排出板的受力分析…………………………………………………………13 4.3取值范围的探讨……………………………………………………………14 第五章液压系统的设计…………………………………………………… 15 5.1确定液压系统方案…………………………………………………………15 5.2液压缸设计计算……………………………………………………………18 5.3油箱的设计…………………………………………………………………28 5.4液压泵的装置………………………………………………………………29 5.5液压元件的选用……………………………………………………………30 第六章结论…………………………………………………………………… 32 参考文献………………………………………………………………………… 33 致谢………………………………………………………………………………… 34