机械5

设计一台用于加工注浆泵主轴端盖专的专用数控钻铣床，满足了生产和设计的要求。整个数控钻铣床主要包括横纵向进给机构，立柱、横梁、底座、工作台等主要组部件。本次设计任务从整个数控钻铣床着眼，重点设计床身及滑台结构。 从专用数控钻铣床的结构原理，设计特点，论述了采用矩形-燕尾形滑动导轨的优点。详细介绍了数控钻铣床的床身结构设计，并进行了分析。论述了采用伺服电机和滚珠丝杠螺母副的优点。详细介绍了数控龙门钻床的结构设计及校核，并进行了分析。另外汇总了有关技术参数。 其中着重介绍了滑动导轨的原理及选用原则，中心在于立式钻铣床的布局形式，关键在于床身的截面选择、箱体的壁厚选择及床身的强度，系统地对导轨生产、保养等环节进行了介绍，包括种类选择、参数选择、精度选择、润滑方式选择等。 关键词钻铣床滚珠丝杠伺服电机滑动导轨主轴箱,夹具 Abstract Begi
ns from the research CNC milli
ng machi
ne, to profit from the domestic a
nd foreig
n adva
nced experie
nces, desig
n o
ne to use i
n the dedicated
numerical co
ntrol CNC drilli
ng a
nd milli
ng machi
ne for Grouti
ng pump shaft e
nd cover processi
ng, has satisfied the productio
n a
nd the desig
n request. The e
ntire milli
ng machi
ne i
ncludi
ng parts of the horizo
ntal a
nd verticalfeed mecha
nism, colum
ns, beams, base, table a
nd other major groups. The desig
n tasks keeps the e
ntire CNC drilli
ng a
nd milli
ng machi
ne i
n mi
nd, focus o
n the desig
n of the bed a
nd slide structure. Begi
ns from the dedicated
numerical co
ntrol CNC drilli
ng a
nd milli
ng machi
ne's pri
nciple of the structure, a
nd discusses the adva
ntages of a recta
ngle-dovetail shaped slidi
ng railC drilli
ng a
nd milli
ng machi
ne bed structural desig
n a
nd a
nalysis. discusses the use of servo motor a
nd ball screw pair of the adva
ntagesC ga
ntry drilli
ng machi
ne described i
n detail the structure of the desig
n a
nd verificatio
n, a
nd a
nalyzed Additio
n, a summary of the tech
nical parameters. I
n which i
ntroduced emphatically the pri
nciple of the slidi
ng rail a
nd selectio
n pri
nciples, the ce
nter is the layout form of vertical drilli
ng milli
ng machi
ne, the key is the bed cross-sectio
n selectio
n. I
ntroduce rail productio
n, mai
nte
na
nce a
nd other aspects of the prese
ntatio
n, I
ncludi
ng species selectio
n, parameter selectio
n, precisio
n selectio
n, lubricatio
n mode selectio
n a
nd so o
n. Keywords : drilli
ng a
nd milli
ng machi
ne, beari
ng guide screw
nut Ball, slidi
ng rail,Clutch plate 目录 摘要…………………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ 1绪论…………………………………………………………………………………………… 1 1.1机床在国民经济的地位及其发展简史……………………………………………………1 1.2专用机床的国内、外现状………………………………………………………………2 1.2.1国内专用机床现状……………………………………………………………………3 1.2.2国外专用机床现状……………………………………………………………………4 1.3专用数控钻铣床的应用及意义…………………………………………………………5 1.3.1专用机床……………………………………………………………………5 1.3.2钻铣床的应用…………………………………………………………………………6 1.4机床的设计步骤…………………………………………………………………………7 1.4.1调查研究……………………………………………………………………………7 1.4.2拟定方案……………………………………………………………………………7 1.4.3工作图设计…………………………………………………………………………7 2专用机床的总体设计……………………………………………………………………… 9 2.1专用机床方案的制定………………………………………………………………………9 2.1.1制定工艺方案………………………………………………………………………9 2.1.2确定专用机床的配置形式和结构方案…………………………………………10 2.2确定切削用量……………………………………………………………11 2.2.1确定工序间余量……………………………………………………………………11 2.2.2选择切削用量………………………………………………………………………11 2.3多轴箱的设计…………………………………………………………………12 2.3.1绘制多轴箱设计原始依据图……………………………………………………12 2.3.2主轴、齿轮模数的选择…………………………………………………………12 2.3.3多轴箱的传动设计………………………………………………………………13 2.3.4绘制传动系统图…………………………………………………………………15 2.3.5传动零件的校核…………………………………………………………………16 2.4确定机械重块平衡机构……………………………………………………………19 3钻铣床床身设计……………………………………………………………………………21 3.1专用钻铣床的床身………………………………………………………………………21 3.1.1专用数控钻铣床床身简介…………………………………………………………21 3.1.2专用数控钻铣床床身应用和要求………………………………………………… 22 3.1.3我国当前专用数控钻铣床床身现状……………………………………………… 23 3.2专用钻铣床的滑台………………………………………………………………………23 3.2.1专用钻铣床的滑台及作用………………………………………………………… 23 3.2.2导轨的简介，设计要求及步骤…………………………………………………… 24 3.2.3直线滑动导轨……………………………………………………………………… 25 3.2.4滚珠导轨…………………………………………………………………………… 28 3.3床身参数……………………………………………………………………30 3.3.1机架的截面形状…………………………………………………………………… 30 3.3.2床身壁厚的选择…………………………………………………………………… 31 3.3.3合理布局加强肋…………………………………………………………………… 32 3.3.4支撑件的设计……………………………………………………………………… 32 3.3.5机架的连接结构设计……………………………………………………………… 35 3.4滚珠丝杠副的设计………………………………………………………………36 3.4.1滚珠丝杠介绍……………………………………………………………………… 36 3.4.2滚珠丝杠的结构…………………………………………………………………… 36 3.4.3滚珠丝杠原理……………………………………………………………………… 37 3.4.4滚珠丝杠特点……………………………………………………………………… 38 3.4.5滚珠丝杠结构类型………………………………………………………………… 38 3.4.6滚珠丝杠性能……………………………………………………………………… 38 3.4.7滚珠丝杠副在高速驱动时主要存在的问题……………………………………… 39 3.4.8滚珠丝杠的选用…………………………………………………………………… 39 3.4.9滚珠丝杠型号确定………………… ………………………………………………40 3.4.10滚珠丝杠的校核计算…………………………………………………………… 41 4夹具和多轴器……………………………………………………………………………42 4.1专用钻孔夹具………………………………………………………………………42 4.1.1机床夹具的组成…………………………………………………………42 4.1.2专用夹具的结构设计……………………………………………………………… 42 4.2多轴器的选用………………………………………………………………………42 4.2.1多轴器简介…………………………………………………………………42 4.2.2多轴器的选用及订购简图………………………………………………………… 42 5结论……………………………………………………………………………………………45 参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………46 致谢………………………………………………………………………………………47