摘要
随着科技步伐的加快,液压技术在各个领域中得到了广泛应用,液压系统已成为主机设备中最关键的部分之一。而掌握液压系统的性能参数,是保证液压系统能正常运行并极大发挥液压作用的先决条件。本次课题正是设计一液压综合试验台,该试验台采用拆装式系统管道连接方式,快速组成各种液压系统,并能够以数字、曲线显示实验结果,适合高校和工程单位使用。
本文先通过调研液压试验台现状并对设计要求及工况进行分析,得到总体设计方案及液压系统原理图;并且,完成了各部分液压系统的控制油路设计和液压缸、各种液压控制阀和各种辅助元件的理论计算和选择。设计时,从实际情况出发,有机地结合各种传动形式,充分发挥液压传动的优点,力求设计出结构简单、工作可靠、成本低、效率高、操作简单、维修方便的液压传动系统。
关键词:液压系统、液压缸、液压泵站、实验台
Abstract
With the rapid developme
nt of scie
nce a
nd tech
nology, hydraulic tech
nology has bee
n widely used i
n various fields, hydraulic system has become o
ne of the most critical parts of the mai
n equipme
nt. To master the performa
nce parameters of the hydraulic system is the prerequisite to e
nsure the
normal operatio
n of the hydraulic system a
nd give full play to the hydraulic fu
nctio
n. This topic is to desig
n a hydraulic comprehe
nsive test-bed, the test-bed uses the disassembly system pipeli
ne co
n
nectio
n way, quickly form a variety of hydraulic systems, a
nd ca
n display the experime
ntal results by
numbers a
nd curves, which is suitable for u
niversities a
nd e
ngi
neeri
ng u
nits. I
n this paper, through the i
nvestigatio
n of the curre
nt situatio
n of the hydraulic test-bed a
nd the a
nalysis of the desig
n requireme
nts a
nd worki
ng co
nditio
ns, the overall desig
n scheme a
nd the schematic diagram of the hydraulic system are obtai
ned; a
nd the co
ntrol oil circuit desig
n of each part of the hydraulic system a
nd the theoretical calculatio
n a
nd selectio
n of the hydraulic cyli
nder, various hydraulic co
ntrol valves a
nd various auxiliary compo
ne
nts are completed. I
n the desig
n, we should proceed from the actual situatio
n, orga
nically combi
ne various tra
nsmissio
n forms, give full play to the adva
ntages of hydraulic tra
nsmissio
n, a
nd strive to desig
n a hydraulic tra
nsmissio
n system with simple structure, reliable work, low cost, high efficie
ncy, simple operatio
n a
nd co
nve
nie
nt mai
nte
na
nce. Key words: Hydraulic System, Hydraulic Cyli
nder, Hydraulic Pump Statio
n, Experime
ntal Platform 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第1章绪论1 1.1课题背景及意义1 1.2液压技术的发展趋势1 1.3液压实验台国内外研究状况3 1.3.1国内状况3 1.3.2国外状况4 第2章总体方案设计5 2.1设计要求5 2.1.1基本要求5 2.1.2技术参数5 2.2试验台工况选择与分析5 2.2.1实验工况及参数选定5 2.2.2系统工况分析6 2.3液压系统确定主要参数8 2.3.1液压缸的工作压力的确定8 2.3.2液压缸内径D和活塞杆直径d的确定8 2.4制定基本方案9 2.4.1制定调速方案10 2.4.2制定压力控制方案10 2.4.3制定顺序动作方案10 2.4.4选择液压动力源10 2.5液压试验台系统原理图11 2.6液压实验台结构方案12 2.6.1液压装置结构12 2.6.2通用件选择12 2.6.3液压元件与底座集成结构设计13 第3章液压缸的设计14 3.1液压缸主要尺寸的确定14 3.2液压缸的结构设计18 第4章液压元件的设计与选用22 4.1液压泵及电动机的选择22 4.1.1液压泵的选择22 4.1.2电动机的选择22 4.1.3液压泵的安装方式23 4.2液压阀类元件的选择24 4.2.1液压阀选择24 4.2.2液压阀的安装26 4.3其他辅助元件的选择27 4.3.1液压油管的选型27 4.3.2油箱的设计28 4.4液压站的结构设计29 4.4.1液压泵的安装方式29 4.4.2电动机与液压泵的联接方式29 4.5液压集成块的设计29 4.5.1块体的结构30 4.5.2集成块结构尺寸的确定30 4.6液压系统性能校核30 4.6.1液压系统压力损失30 4.6.2系统发热计算32 第5章液压试验台的控制系统设计34 5.1 PLC概述34 5.1.1 PLC的基本概念34 5.1.2 PLC的基本结构34 5.1.3 PLC的特点34 5.1.4 PLC的工作原理34 5.2控制系统电路设计35 5.2.1主电路的设计35 5.2.2控制电路的设计35 5.3绘制原理图35 总结37 参考文献38 致谢39
展开...
nt of scie
nce a
nd tech
nology, hydraulic tech
nology has bee
n widely used i
n various fields, hydraulic system has become o
ne of the most critical parts of the mai
n equipme
nt. To master the performa
nce parameters of the hydraulic system is the prerequisite to e
nsure the
normal operatio
n of the hydraulic system a
nd give full play to the hydraulic fu
nctio
n. This topic is to desig
n a hydraulic comprehe
nsive test-bed, the test-bed uses the disassembly system pipeli
ne co
n
nectio
n way, quickly form a variety of hydraulic systems, a
nd ca
n display the experime
ntal results by
numbers a
nd curves, which is suitable for u
niversities a
nd e
ngi
neeri
ng u
nits. I
n this paper, through the i
nvestigatio
n of the curre
nt situatio
n of the hydraulic test-bed a
nd the a
nalysis of the desig
n requireme
nts a
nd worki
ng co
nditio
ns, the overall desig
n scheme a
nd the schematic diagram of the hydraulic system are obtai
ned; a
nd the co
ntrol oil circuit desig
n of each part of the hydraulic system a
nd the theoretical calculatio
n a
nd selectio
n of the hydraulic cyli
nder, various hydraulic co
ntrol valves a
nd various auxiliary compo
ne
nts are completed. I
n the desig
n, we should proceed from the actual situatio
n, orga
nically combi
ne various tra
nsmissio
n forms, give full play to the adva
ntages of hydraulic tra
nsmissio
n, a
nd strive to desig
n a hydraulic tra
nsmissio
n system with simple structure, reliable work, low cost, high efficie
ncy, simple operatio
n a
nd co
nve
nie
nt mai
nte
na
nce. Key words: Hydraulic System, Hydraulic Cyli
nder, Hydraulic Pump Statio
n, Experime
ntal Platform 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第1章绪论1 1.1课题背景及意义1 1.2液压技术的发展趋势1 1.3液压实验台国内外研究状况3 1.3.1国内状况3 1.3.2国外状况4 第2章总体方案设计5 2.1设计要求5 2.1.1基本要求5 2.1.2技术参数5 2.2试验台工况选择与分析5 2.2.1实验工况及参数选定5 2.2.2系统工况分析6 2.3液压系统确定主要参数8 2.3.1液压缸的工作压力的确定8 2.3.2液压缸内径D和活塞杆直径d的确定8 2.4制定基本方案9 2.4.1制定调速方案10 2.4.2制定压力控制方案10 2.4.3制定顺序动作方案10 2.4.4选择液压动力源10 2.5液压试验台系统原理图11 2.6液压实验台结构方案12 2.6.1液压装置结构12 2.6.2通用件选择12 2.6.3液压元件与底座集成结构设计13 第3章液压缸的设计14 3.1液压缸主要尺寸的确定14 3.2液压缸的结构设计18 第4章液压元件的设计与选用22 4.1液压泵及电动机的选择22 4.1.1液压泵的选择22 4.1.2电动机的选择22 4.1.3液压泵的安装方式23 4.2液压阀类元件的选择24 4.2.1液压阀选择24 4.2.2液压阀的安装26 4.3其他辅助元件的选择27 4.3.1液压油管的选型27 4.3.2油箱的设计28 4.4液压站的结构设计29 4.4.1液压泵的安装方式29 4.4.2电动机与液压泵的联接方式29 4.5液压集成块的设计29 4.5.1块体的结构30 4.5.2集成块结构尺寸的确定30 4.6液压系统性能校核30 4.6.1液压系统压力损失30 4.6.2系统发热计算32 第5章液压试验台的控制系统设计34 5.1 PLC概述34 5.1.1 PLC的基本概念34 5.1.2 PLC的基本结构34 5.1.3 PLC的特点34 5.1.4 PLC的工作原理34 5.2控制系统电路设计35 5.2.1主电路的设计35 5.2.2控制电路的设计35 5.3绘制原理图35 总结37 参考文献38 致谢39
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