本文结合纯电动车发展现状与现有变速器结构类型特点，结合纯电动车特点对变速器的主体部分进行设计计算，并对其关键零件如轴体，齿轮等进行校核计算，确保变速器的设计满足相应要求。并利用ANSYS进行了一档行驶时齿面接触应力的静力学分析，验证计算准确性，研究其在啮合过程中应力变化规律，并对输入轴进行了自由状态下与约束状态下的模态分析，在确保不会因变速器齿轮啮合而产生共振的基础上，对两者的差异与共同点进行了比较分析，对轴类零件的模态分析有一定的参考意义。 关键词：纯电动汽车；变速器；静力学分析；模态分析 Abstract Full electric vehicles is relatively commo
n fuel cars clea
ner the adva
ntages of high efficie
ncy, make its gradually replace traditio
nal fuel cars, but curre
ntly o
n the market most of the pure electric vehicles usi
ng is a si
ngle stage reducer, is
not equipped with the tra
nsmissio
n, i
n the tra
nsmissio
n ratio is limited by a certai
n choice, should
not o
nly co
nsider the highest speed, a
nd acceleratio
n time a
nd give atte
ntio
n to two or morethi
ngs gradability, make its power performa
nce a
nd e
nergy efficie
ncy i
n a certai
n degree of reduced. Therefore, it is very
necessary to improve the power performa
nce of pure electric vehicles a
nd the e
nergy utilizatio
n rate u
nder the correspo
ndi
ng worki
ng co
nditio
ns by usi
ng tra
nsmissio
n i
n the pure electric vehicles, so as to improve the power performa
nce of electric vehicles, the ra
nge of drivi
ng ra
nge, a
nd appropriately reduce the cost of electric motors a
nd batteries. I
n this paper, the developme
nt status of pure electric vehicle a
nd the characteristics of the existi
ng tra
nsmissio
n structure type, combi
ned with the characteristics of pure electric vehicle to the tra
nsmissio
n of the mai
n part of the desig
n a
nd calculatio
n, a
nd its key parts such as shaft, gear check calculatio
n, to e
nsure that the tra
nsmissio
n desig
n to meet the correspo
ndi
ng requireme
nts. A
nd a drivi
ng is studied by usi
ng ANSYS, statics a
nalysis of tooth surface co
ntact stress, the
numerical accuracy, a
nd to study the stress variatio
n law i
n the process of meshi
ng, a
nd i
nput shaft of a free state of modal a
nalysis a
nd co
nstrai
nt co
nditio
ns, to e
nsure will
not produce reso
na
nce by tra
nsmissio
n gear mesh, o
n the basis of the a
nalysis compares the differe
nces a
nd similarities i
n both, the modal a
nalysis of the shaft parts have certai
n refere
nce sig
nifica
nce Key Words:Full electric vehicle; Tra
nsmissio
n; Statics a
nalysis ; Modal a
nalysis 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第1章绪论1 1.1研究的背景及意义1 1.1.1研究的背景1 1.1.2研究的意义1 1.2国内外研究现状2 1.3设计的主要内容3 第2章车辆参数与变速器结构的选取5 2.1车辆基本参数的选取5 2.2设计要求的选取5 2.3动力性参数的选取6 2.3.1电动汽车用电动机特点与要求6 2.3.2动力性参数的选取7 2.4变速器种类与结构选取7 2.4.1变速器种类选取7 2.4.2变速器结构选取8 2.5变速器主要参数选取8 2.5.1传动比的选取8 2.5.2初选中心距A 8 2.5.3变速器尺寸的预估9 2.6纯电动汽车动力性参数的校核9 2.6.1有关最高车速的动力性参数校核9 2.6.2有关爬坡的动力性参数校核9 2.6.3有关起步的动力性参数校核10 2.7本章总结10 第3章变速器主要零部件设计与校核11 3.1齿轮的参数选取与计算11 3.1.1齿轮参数的选取11 3.1.2一档齿轮的设计11 3.1.3二档齿轮的设计13 3.1.4齿轮材料与热处理的选取14 3.2齿轮的校核计算14 3.2.1各轴转矩计算14 3.2.2各档齿轮齿根弯曲疲劳强度校核14 3.2.3各档齿轮接触疲劳应力的校核16 3.3轴的设计计算与校核17 3.3.1轴结构初选17 3.3.2轴的尺寸初选18 3.3.3轴的刚度计算18 3.3.4输入轴的强度校核计算20 3.3.5输出轴的强度校核计算22 3.3.6轴相关校核汇总23 3.4轴承的选用与校核23 3.4.1输入轴轴端支承轴承的选用与校核23 3.4.2输出轴轴端支承轴承的选用与校核24 3.4.3输出轴滚针轴承的选取与校核计算25 3.5键的设计计算25 3.5.1输出轴与花键毂连接处的键的设计与校核25 3.5.2输入轴与输出轴联轴器部分矩形花键的选取与校核26 3.5.3输入轴与齿轮Z3连接处键的选取与校核26 3.5.4结合套与结合齿圈连接处花键选取与校核27 3.6同步器的选取与计算27 3.6.1同步器工作原理27 3.6.2锥面半锥角以及工作锥面间的摩擦系数的选取27 3.6.3同步环摩擦锥面螺纹槽的选取28 3.6.4摩擦锥面平均半径R与摩擦锥面工作长度b的选取28 3.6.5锁止角的选取29 3.7操纵机构的选取29 3.7.1选档换挡机构29 3.7.2操纵机构安全装置选择30 3.8本章总结30 第4章有限元分析31 4.1一档齿轮啮合时接触应力分析31 4.2输入轴模态分析34 4.3有限元分析结论37 结论39 参考文献40 致谢41 附录A 42 附A1齿轮参数计算源程序42 附A2程序运行结果43 附录B 44 附B1齿轮接触应力计算源程序44 附B2程序运行结果44