120吨电机车行走齿轮齿根强化装置设计 摘要 齿轮传动的主要失效形式分为轮齿折断，齿面磨损、齿面点蚀、齿面胶合跟塑性变形五大类，而引起120吨电机车行走齿轮失效的原因主要有：一是120T电机车行走齿轮正常受载时，齿根处所产生的弯曲应力最大，当齿轮重复受重载荷后，齿根处会出现疲劳裂纹，逐步扩展导致轮齿断裂；二是120T电机车在运行过程中承受的是变载荷，所以轮齿有时会因意外的过载发生过载折断。电机车行走齿轮用淬火钢制成，多用于采矿等作业，工作载荷大，主要承受弯曲应力，易发生断齿。 因此为了提高轮齿的抗疲劳强度，增加强抗折断能力，可采取的措施有：一是增大齿根过度圆角半径和消除加工刀痕来减小齿根应力集中；二是增大轴及支承的刚性，使轮齿接触线上受载均匀；三是对轮齿表面进行热处理提高材料性能；四是采用喷丸、滚压等工艺对齿根进行强化处理。针对20吨电机车行走齿轮，对比之后本设计采用第四种方法对齿轮齿根进行强化，加强齿根的抗弯曲强度，提高轮齿的抗折断能力。 本设计首先介绍了选题的目的跟意义及目前的研究状况跟发展趋势；之后就开始组建机构，总体包括减速器（高速级、中间级、低速级）、工作台、横竖向液压缸及被加工齿轮几个部分组成，并对各个部分进行计算或选型；最后校核看啮合部分和各轴是否满足要求。 关键词：轮齿折断；电机车齿轮；齿根弯曲强度；强化装置 ABSTRACT The mai
n failure forms of gear tra
nsmissio
n ca
n be divided i
nto broke
n tooth, Mai
n failure forms of gear tra
nsmissio
n ca
n be divided i
nto broke
n tooth, tooth surface wear, tooth surface erosio
n, tooth surface glue with five classes, plastic deformatio
n caused by the 120 to
ns of electric locomotive walki
ng gear failure reaso
n mai
nly has: o
ne is the 120 t electric locomotive walki
ng gear
normal load, tooth root be
ndi
ng stress of the largest space, whe
n the gear ha
ndles repeated load, tooth root place will appear fatigue crack, gradually exte
nd the lead to tooth fracture; The seco
nd is i
n the process of 120 t electric locomotive ru
n
ni
ng u
nder variable load, so the tooth sometimes due to accide
ntal overload fracture. Electric locomotive walki
ng gear with que
nchi
ng steel, used i
n mi
ni
ng operatio
ns, work load big, mai
nly bear be
ndi
ng stress, pro
ne to broke
n teeth. So i
n order to improve the fatigue stre
ngth of gear tooth, i
ncrease the stro
ng ability to resist breaki
ng, measures take
n are: to i
ncrease o
ne is excessive tooth root fillet radius a
nd the elimi
natio
n of machi
ni
ng tool to reduce the tooth root stress co
nce
ntratio
n;2 it is to i
ncrease the rigidity of shaft a
nd beari
ng o
nli
ne u
niformly loaded tooth co
ntact; Three is o
n the surface of gear heat treatme
nt to improve material performa
nce; Four is the shot pee
ni
ng, rolli
ng process to stre
ngthe
n the tooth root. After walki
ng for 20 to
ns of electric locomotive gear, compari
ng the desig
n adopts the fourth ki
nd of method for gear tooth root rei
nforceme
nt, stre
ngthe
ni
ng the tooth root be
ndi
ng stre
ngth, improve the fracture resista
nce of teeth. With the purpose of this desig
n first i
ntroduced the selected topic sig
nifica
nce a
nd the curre
nt research status a
nd developme
nt tre
nd; After bega
n to establish i
nstitutio
ns, i
ncludi
ng overall speed reducer (high level, middle level a
nd low level), workbe
nch, the relatio
n to the hydraulic cyli
nder a
nd the gear machi
ni
ng parts, a
nd a calculatio
n is made for each part or selectio
n; The last check the mesh part a
nd the axis whether meet the requireme
nts. Key Words: tooth broke
n; Electric locomotive gear; The tooth root be
ndi
ng stre
ngth; Stre
ngthe
n the device 目录 摘要I ABSTRACT II 1绪论1 1.1选题背景1 1.2目前研究的概况和发展趋势1 1.3齿轮强化技术分类1 2组建机构模型4 2.1确立主体结构4 2.2分析主体运动4 3主要的参数选择5 3.1选择工作台参数5 3.2系统总效率计算5 3.3其他参数选择5 4减速机构设计7 4.1系统传动比的分配7 4.2传动系统运动和有关参数计算7 4.3高速级齿轮设计8 4.4低速级齿轮设计12 4.5轴与轴承16 4.6设计蜗轮蜗杆20 4.7设计离合器23 4.8键的选择25 4.9操纵件部分26 5设计滚压机构29 5.1确定齿根形状29 5.2滚压力大小的确定29 5.3滚压速度的确定30 6设计液压系统31 6.1运动分析31 6.2设计横向油缸31 6.3设计纵向油缸32 6.4拟定系统的原理图34 6.5具体工作情况35 6.6选择液压元件36 7结论38 参考文献39 致谢40