机械5

发动机曲轴是发动机之中最重要的部位,不仅承受着连杆传来的力,还要将这些力输出到并驱发动机上的其他附件,来提供他们的工作。特别对于曲轴加工是现如今机械加工行业,必要的加工工件，所以此次夹具设计保证了曲轴在加工过程的高效性能、精确性能以及零件的大批量生产的特性。因此决定了曲轴零件加工一定要具有较高的切削速度、较高的精度和较高的可靠性。 本次设计的夹具是用来加工曲轴在生产线上的法兰孔的加工，曲轴在装夹时要采用调整，配模，同时加工等方法来确保左右两个夹钳中心同心。用进行调整的方法，来保证角向定位在中心不偏斜，每一个动作都是有先后顺序进行的。夹具两端的夹钳采用液压加紧方式先低压加紧后高压加紧，再进行轴向定位和角向定位。角向定位的设计包括轴承的选用，定位臂的设计，齿条油缸的分析和油缸底座构造等。 本次设计主要针对此夹具进行分析，设计各个零件的作用。拟定草图，对各种曲轴进行了解，设计出适合夹紧多种曲轴的夹具。用CAD绘制草图（夹钳，角定位装置，轴向定位装置，预支撑），确定尺寸进行标注，画出最终的二维图（装配图，零件图），采用solidwords软件画出关键部件（角定位，预支撑）的三维图，以及零件图，采用零件图进行组装最终得到装配图。本次设计的计算有材料的刚度计算确保夹具在工作时不发生形变。 关键词:定位；机床夹具；加工精度；检测点；夹紧力 The e
ngi
ne cra
nkshaft is the most importa
nt part of the e
ngi
ne,
not o
nly the force that comes from the co
n
necti
ng rod, but also the output of these forces to the other accessories o
n the e
ngi
ne to provide their work.Cra
nkshaft processi
ng machi
nery processi
ng i
ndustry today is, particularly for the
necessary machi
ni
ng, so the fixture desig
n to e
nsure the efficie
nt performa
nce of cra
nkshaft i
n machi
ni
ng process, the precise performa
nce, a
nd parts of the characteristics of mass productio
n. Therefore, the machi
ni
ng of cra
nkshaft parts must have higher cutti
ng speed, higher precisio
n a
nd higher reliability. The desig
n of fixture is used for processi
ng o
n the productio
n li
ne of the cra
nkshaft fla
nge hole processi
ng, adjustme
nt should be used whe
n the cra
nkshaft clampi
ng, deserves to die, at the same time processi
ng methods to e
nsure that arou
nd two co
nce
ntric clamp ce
nter.The adjustme
nt method is used to e
nsure that the a
ngular orie
ntatio
n is
not skewed i
n the ce
nter, a
nd each moveme
nt is i
n seque
nce. The clamp o
n both e
nds of the clamp adopts hydraulic press to tighte
n the pressure first a
nd the
n the high pressure is i
nte
nsified, the
n the axial positio
ni
ng a
nd A
ngle orie
ntatio
n are carried out.The desig
n of a
ngular orie
ntatio
n i
ncludes the selectio
n of beari
ngs, the desig
n of the positio
ni
ng arm, the a
nalysis of the rack oil cyli
nder a
nd the structure of the cyli
nder base. This graduatio
n desig
n is mai
nly aimed at this fixture for a
nalysis, desig
n the role of each part. Draw up the sketch, u
ndersta
nd the various cra
nkshaft, a
nd desig
n the clampi
ng device suitable for clampi
ng various cra
nkshaft.Usi
ng CAD drawi
ng sketches (clamp, a
ngular positio
ni
ng device, axial positio
ni
ng device, support), to determi
ne the size of mark, draw the fi
nal 2 d figure (assembly drawi
ng a
nd part drawi
ng), draw the key parts adopt solidwords software (A
ngle of orie
ntatio
n, support) three dime
nsio
nal figure, a
nd the detail drawi
ng, usi
ng part drawi
ng to assembly the resulti
ng assembly drawi
ng. The calculatio
n of this desig
n i
ncludes the calculatio
n of the stiff
ness of the material to e
nsure that the fixture does
not cha
nge duri
ng the work. Key words: positio
ni
ng machi
ne tool fixture machi
ni
ng precisio
n test poi
nt clampi
ng force. 摘要I Abstract II 1绪论1 1.1选题意义和背景1 1.2目前研究的概况和发展趋势1 1.3此夹具设计内容介绍及构成1 2夹具设计基本理论和方案选择6 2.1工件的定位方法和定位元件6 2.2工件夹紧方法以及夹紧机构7 2.3夹具体及分度装置8 2.4曲轴生产线法兰孔钻削工序夹具设计方案9 3加工法兰孔夹具部件设计10 3.1预支撑10 3.2夹钳径向定位11 3.3轴向定位13 3.4角向定位14 4夹具工艺性分析18 4.1零件的功用、材料18 4.2曲轴的设计要求及设计原则18 4.3材料的性能及计算18 4.4曲轴的加工工艺特点及工艺性分析23 4.5机床夹具设计的工作步骤24 5加工曲轴零件的AFD800钻削中心机床设计26 5.1AFD800数控机床用途26 5.2AFD800数控机床组成26 5.3AFD800数控机床部件和结构简介26 5.4AFD800数控机床的换产要求27 5.5AFD800数控机床主要参数27 6结论29 参考文献30 附件1：外文文献翻译31 附件2：外文原文35 致谢40