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F320浮头式换热器设计 摘要 本次设计的课题为F320浮头式换热器，组成部分为：浮头、管体、壳体、管束等。此次设计的换热器设计为双壳程双管程浮头式换热器。其中，管程的介质为烟道气，设计压力为1.35MPa，设计温度为480℃。壳程的介质为水，设计压力为1.25MPa，设计温度为95℃。腐蚀余量定义为1.00mm。换热面积为320m2 。通过以上参数可制定此次设计的具体步骤及内容。 浮头式换热器是管壳式换热器系列中的一种，它的特点是两端管板只有一端与外壳固定死，另一端可相对壳体滑移，称为浮头。浮头式换热器由于管束的膨胀不受壳体的约束，因此不会因管束之间的差胀而产生温差热应力，另外浮头式换热器的优点还在于拆卸方便，易清洗。在化工工业中应用非常广泛。此次设计的主要内容如下所述。首先，进行材料的选择以及各个结构的设计。然后对有些部件结构通过计算进行强度校核，之后进行加工工艺的设计。再之后对换热器的防腐方面做出研究，最后把所有的图纸由AutoCAD绘出。 关键词：浮头式换热器；壳体；管程;浮头；管束 ABSTRACT The subject of this desig
n is F320 floati
ng head heat excha
nger, which co
nsists of floati
ng head, tube body, shell, tube bu
ndle, etc. The heat excha
nger desig
ned is a double shell double tube floati
ng head heat excha
nger. Amo
ng them, the medium of the pipe is flue gas, the desig
n pressure is 1.35MPa, a
nd the desig
n temperature is 480 C. The medium of the shell side is water, the desig
n pressure is 1.25MPa, a
nd the desig
n temperature is 95 C. The corrosio
n allowa
nce is defi
ned as 1.00mm. The heat tra
nsfer area is 320m2 . Through the above parameters, the specific steps a
nd co
nte
nts of the desig
n ca
n be worked out. The float head type heat excha
nger is o
ne of the tube a
nd shell heat excha
nger series. Its characteristic is that the e
nd of the tube is fixed o
nly o
ne e
nd a
nd the outer shell, the other e
nd ca
n slip relative to the shell, which is called the float head. As the expa
nsio
n of the tube bu
ndle is
not restricted by the shell of the tube, the temperature differe
nce a
nd thermal stress will
not be produced by the differe
ntial expa
nsio
n betwee
n the tube bu
ndles, a
nd the adva
ntages of the float type heat excha
nger are also easy to disassemble a
nd easy to clea
n. It is widely used i
n the chemical i
ndustry. The mai
n co
nte
nts of this desig
n are as follows. First, the selectio
n of materials a
nd the desig
n of various structures. The
n the stre
ngth of some parts is checked through calculatio
n, a
nd the
n the processi
ng tech
nology is desig
ned. After that, the corrosio
n preve
ntio
n of heat excha
nger is studied. Fi
nally, all the drawi
ngs are draw
n by AutoCAD. Key words Float type heat excha
nger；Housi
ng；Course；Floati
ng head；Tube bu
ndle 目录 1绪论1 1.1浮头式换热器介绍1 1.2浮头式换热器原理1 1.3浮头式换热器优缺点1 1.4换热器的应用1 2结构设计3 2.1材料选择3 2.2主体结构设计3 2.3零部件结构设计6 3强度计算与校核12 3.1管箱筒体计算12 3.2管箱封头计算13 3.3壳程圆筒计算14 3.4管箱法兰计算15 3.5管箱螺栓间距校核16 3.6筒体法兰计算17 3.7筒体螺栓间距校核18 3.8总体强度校核方法19 4加工工艺20 4.1总体制造工艺20 4.2封头的成型20 4.3筒节的弯卷成型20 4.4固定管板制造21 4.5浮动管板制造21 4.6法兰制造21 4.7钩圈制造22 4.8管箱制造23 4.9筒体制造24 4.10补强圈制造25 4.11壳体制造26 4.12安装与拆卸27 5换热器的安全防腐29 5.1换热器的腐蚀29 5.2换热管腐蚀29 5.3管子与管板、折流板连接处的腐蚀29 5.4壳体腐蚀29 5.5换热器的防腐29 总结31 参考文献32 致谢33