机械5

普通CA6140车床的经济型数控改造 摘要 数控机床以它生产效率高、可加工零件多样化的特点，越来越显示出它的优越性，然而，很多资深的老企业还存在着许多原有的普通机床，如何将普通机床改造成数控机床，已成为机械加工设备改造工作的重点。 本文以CA6140普通车床为例阐述了对普通机床进行技术改造的必要性，提出了该机床数控化改造的方案并实施了改造。机械部分改造主要做了以下工作：将两个进给方向的滑动丝杠改为滚珠丝杠，用伺服步进电机和减速齿轮来实现进给部分的调速，这样不仅提高了传动效率而且可以实现快速定位和准确的启、停；数字控制系统选用广州数控设备有`。 关键词：数控机床；数控化改造；数控系统 Abstract Based o
n its high productio
n efficie
ncy, machi
nable parts diversificatio
n, CNC machi
ne has i
ncreasi
ngly show
n its superiority. However, ma
ny se
nior e
nterprises still have large amou
nt of origi
nal ge
neral-purpose machi
ne tools, how to tra
nsform the ordi
nary tools i
nto CNC machi
ne tools has became the focus of the mecha
nical processi
ng equipme
nt modificatio
n. Based o
n CA6140 ce
ntre lathe, this paper expou
nds the
necessity of the tech
nological tra
nsformatio
n to ge
neral-purpose machi
ne tools, a
nd purposed tra
nsformatio
n of the CNC program a
nd impleme
nted a tra
nsformatio
n. Mecha
nical parts reco
nstructio
n made the followi
ng job: taki
ng the two feedi
ng directio
n of slidi
ng screw i
nstead of ball screw, servo steppi
ng motor a
nd reductio
n gear to realize the speed regulatio
n of the feed part, thisworks
not o
nly improve the tra
nsmissio
n efficie
ncy,but also achieve rapid positio
ni
ng a
nd accurate start, stop. Digital co
ntrol system chooses GSK 928TC-2 NC systemwhich produced by Na
nji
ng Huaxi
ng NC equipme
nt limited liability compa
ny. This system achieves the digital co
ntrol compo
ne
nts coordi
natework, a
nd the cost is low. Electric system tra
nsformatio
n ca
nceled a large
number of electro
nic compo
ne
nts i
n high electrical cabi
net; achieve the co
ntrol circuit by switch relays, co
ntactors, a
nd servo drive. The
n, testi
ng precisio
n a
nd geometry accuracy of the machi
ne after tra
nsformatio
n, the test results meet the machi
ne's accuracy. The test resultsverified the feasibility a
nd reliability of machi
ne tools,
not o
nly the processi
ng expa
nded, a
nd the labor i
nte
nsity reduce, the machi
ni
ng efficie
ncy improved. Comparedwith before modificatio
n, the machi
ne's operatio
ns are more co
nve
nie
nt, a
nd greatly reduce the laborer labor i
nte
nsity, improve the productio
n efficie
ncy a
nd product quality. This scheme has adva
ntage of little i
nvestme
nt a
nd i
nsta
nt effect,which isworth popularizi
ng. Keywords: NC machi
ne tool;Numerical co
ntrol tra
nsformatio
n;NC system 目录 1绪论1 1．1课题的研究目的和意义1 1．2本文的选题及主要研究内容1 1.2.1主要研究内容1 1.2.2数控化改造的主要环节2 2 CA6140普通车床数控化改造方案的设计4 2.1总体改造方案4 2.2改造的技术参数5 2.3传动系统改装设计与计算6 2.3.1纵向进给系统的设计与计算6 2.3.2横向进给系统的设计与计算13 2.4减速箱体的设计19 2.4.1纵向进给齿轮的设计19 2.4.2横向进给齿轮的设计19 2.5滚珠丝杠的安全使用20 3步进电机的设计与选择22 3.1纵向步进电机的选择22 3.2横向步进电机的选择26 4 CA6140车床数控化改造的数控系统31 4.1数控车床及数控系统的概述31 4.2 CA6140车床数控化改造的数控装置系统33 4.2.1数控装置系统选型33 4.2.2进给步进电机的驱动器选型35 4.2.3分配器35 4.2.4放大器37 4.3 CA6140车床数控化改造的数控系统功能38 4.3.1系统工作方式38 4.3.2系统报警39 4.3.3系统的编程与加工功能40 5 CJK6140数控车床电气控制设计41 5.1 CA6140车床电气控制41 5.1.1 CA6140车床运动形式41 5.1.2电力拖动特点和控制电路41 5.2 CJK6140数控车床电气控制设计41 5.2.1 CJK6140数控车床主电路设计41 5.2.2 CJK6140数控车床控制电路设计42 6 CJK6140车床改造验收45 6.1机床外观检查45 6.2机床的性能及数控功能的试验45 6.3 CJK6140数控车床数控系统的调试与试运行46 结论47 参考文献48 致谢49