组合机床钻夹具设计
摘要
本文为组合机床钻夹具设计。在完成“三图一卡”的基础上,完成夹具设计。根据柴油机气缸体的工序图分析其精度、表面粗糙度、技术要求、加工部位尺寸、形状结构、材料硬度、工件刚性及零件的批量的大小不同,确定被加工零件工艺方法和工艺过程,确定该组合机床的总体设计方案。选择通用导套,保证零件上孔的位置精度。选用液压滑台来保证所需要的进给力。动力箱和机床底座都是经过严格的计算后再选择合适的标准件,减少机床设计周期和成本;在夹具设计方面,保证被加工孔的准确定位和尺寸精度。考虑到需要的夹紧力比较大和手动夹紧的局限性,选用了液压自动夹紧的方案,提供稳定的夹紧力,减少工人的操作时间并且满足中批量生产的要求。此次设计的组合机床,结构简单、维护方便,大量使用了通用部件来降低制造成本,达到了设计的要求。
关键词:组合机床;总体设计;夹具设计;
Abstract
This paper is desig
ned for combi
natio
n machi
ne tool drilli
ng fixture.I
n the completio
n of the "three pictures a
nd a card" based o
n the completio
n of the fixture desig
n.Accordi
ng to the process diagram of the diesel e
ngi
ne cyli
nder block a
nalysis of its precisio
n, surface rough
ness, tech
nical requireme
nts, processi
ng part size, shape structure, material hard
ness, workpiece rigidity a
nd parts of the batch size is differe
nt, determi
ne the processi
ng parts of the process method a
nd process, determi
ne the overall desig
n of the combi
ned machi
ne tool.Ge
neral guide sleeve is selected to e
nsure the positio
n accuracy of the holes o
n the parts.Hydraulic slide table is selected to e
nsure the required feedi
ng force.The power box a
nd the machi
ne tool base are selected after strict calculatio
n of the appropriate sta
ndard parts, reduce the machi
ne tool desig
n cycle a
nd cost;I
n the fixture desig
n, to e
nsure the accurate positio
ni
ng a
nd dime
nsio
nal accuracy of the machi
ni
ng hole.Co
nsideri
ng the large clampi
ng force required a
nd the limitatio
ns of ma
nual clampi
ng, hydraulic automatic clampi
ng scheme is selected to provide stable clampi
ng force, reduce the operatio
n time of workers a
nd meet the requireme
nts of mass productio
n.The desig
n of the combi
natio
n of machi
ne tools, simple structure, co
nve
nie
nt mai
nte
na
nce, a large
number of commo
n parts to reduce the cost of ma
nufacturi
ng, to meet the requireme
nts of the desig
n. Key words: Modular machi
ne-tool; Overall desig
n; Jig desig
n; 目录 目录3 1前言5 1.1课题背景5 1.2组合机床国内外发展概况5 1.3本课题主要解决的问题和总体设计思路6 2组合机床的总体设计7 2.1组合机床工艺方案的拟定7 2.1.1确定组合机床工艺方案的基本原则7 2.1.2组合机床工艺方案的拟订8 2.1.3确定组合机床配置型式及结构方案应考虑的问题9 2.2加工工序图9 2.2.1加工工序和加工精度10 2.2.2被加工零件特点10 2.2.3工件生产方式10 2.3加工示意图10 2.3.1技术分析10 2.3.2刀具的选择11 2.3.3攻丝靠模装置选择11 2.3.4切削用量的选取12 2.3.5确定主轴类型、尺寸、外伸长度12 2.3.6选择接杆、浮动卡头13 2.3.7动力部件工作循环及行程的确定13 2.4机床联系尺寸图14 2.4.1机床联系尺寸图作用和内容14 2.4.2绘制机床尺寸联系总图之前应确定的内容14 2.4.3机床分组16 2.5机床生产率计算卡17 2.5.1理想生产率Q 17 2.5.2实际生产率Q1 17 2.5.3机床负荷率18 3多轴箱设计18 3.1多轴箱的组成及表示方法18 3.1.1多轴箱的组成18 3.1.2多轴箱总图绘制方法特点19 3.2多轴箱通用零件19 3.2.1通用箱体类零件19 3.2.2通用主轴、通用传动轴、通用齿轮和套20 3.3绘制多轴箱设计原始依据图20 3.4主轴、齿轮的确定及动力计算20 3.4.1主轴型式的确定21 3.4.2主轴位置的确定21 3.4.3齿轮模数21 3.4.4多轴箱所需动力的计算21 3.5多轴箱传动系统设计22 3.5.1对多轴箱传动系统的一般要求22 3.5.2拟订多轴箱传动系统的基本方法23 4夹具设计26 4.1组合机床夹具概述26 4.2定位支承系统27 4.3夹紧机构28 4.4钻模28 4.5钻床夹具结构的选择29 4.6工艺规程30 4.7工序计算30 4.8夹紧力计算31 4.9误差的分析32 4.10钻底孔夹具设计32 4.10.1研究原始质料32 4.10.2定位基准的选择32 4.10.3切削力及夹紧力的计算32 4.10.4误差分析与计算33 参考文献34
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ned for combi
natio
n machi
ne tool drilli
ng fixture.I
n the completio
n of the "three pictures a
nd a card" based o
n the completio
n of the fixture desig
n.Accordi
ng to the process diagram of the diesel e
ngi
ne cyli
nder block a
nalysis of its precisio
n, surface rough
ness, tech
nical requireme
nts, processi
ng part size, shape structure, material hard
ness, workpiece rigidity a
nd parts of the batch size is differe
nt, determi
ne the processi
ng parts of the process method a
nd process, determi
ne the overall desig
n of the combi
ned machi
ne tool.Ge
neral guide sleeve is selected to e
nsure the positio
n accuracy of the holes o
n the parts.Hydraulic slide table is selected to e
nsure the required feedi
ng force.The power box a
nd the machi
ne tool base are selected after strict calculatio
n of the appropriate sta
ndard parts, reduce the machi
ne tool desig
n cycle a
nd cost;I
n the fixture desig
n, to e
nsure the accurate positio
ni
ng a
nd dime
nsio
nal accuracy of the machi
ni
ng hole.Co
nsideri
ng the large clampi
ng force required a
nd the limitatio
ns of ma
nual clampi
ng, hydraulic automatic clampi
ng scheme is selected to provide stable clampi
ng force, reduce the operatio
n time of workers a
nd meet the requireme
nts of mass productio
n.The desig
n of the combi
natio
n of machi
ne tools, simple structure, co
nve
nie
nt mai
nte
na
nce, a large
number of commo
n parts to reduce the cost of ma
nufacturi
ng, to meet the requireme
nts of the desig
n. Key words: Modular machi
ne-tool; Overall desig
n; Jig desig
n; 目录 目录3 1前言5 1.1课题背景5 1.2组合机床国内外发展概况5 1.3本课题主要解决的问题和总体设计思路6 2组合机床的总体设计7 2.1组合机床工艺方案的拟定7 2.1.1确定组合机床工艺方案的基本原则7 2.1.2组合机床工艺方案的拟订8 2.1.3确定组合机床配置型式及结构方案应考虑的问题9 2.2加工工序图9 2.2.1加工工序和加工精度10 2.2.2被加工零件特点10 2.2.3工件生产方式10 2.3加工示意图10 2.3.1技术分析10 2.3.2刀具的选择11 2.3.3攻丝靠模装置选择11 2.3.4切削用量的选取12 2.3.5确定主轴类型、尺寸、外伸长度12 2.3.6选择接杆、浮动卡头13 2.3.7动力部件工作循环及行程的确定13 2.4机床联系尺寸图14 2.4.1机床联系尺寸图作用和内容14 2.4.2绘制机床尺寸联系总图之前应确定的内容14 2.4.3机床分组16 2.5机床生产率计算卡17 2.5.1理想生产率Q 17 2.5.2实际生产率Q1 17 2.5.3机床负荷率18 3多轴箱设计18 3.1多轴箱的组成及表示方法18 3.1.1多轴箱的组成18 3.1.2多轴箱总图绘制方法特点19 3.2多轴箱通用零件19 3.2.1通用箱体类零件19 3.2.2通用主轴、通用传动轴、通用齿轮和套20 3.3绘制多轴箱设计原始依据图20 3.4主轴、齿轮的确定及动力计算20 3.4.1主轴型式的确定21 3.4.2主轴位置的确定21 3.4.3齿轮模数21 3.4.4多轴箱所需动力的计算21 3.5多轴箱传动系统设计22 3.5.1对多轴箱传动系统的一般要求22 3.5.2拟订多轴箱传动系统的基本方法23 4夹具设计26 4.1组合机床夹具概述26 4.2定位支承系统27 4.3夹紧机构28 4.4钻模28 4.5钻床夹具结构的选择29 4.6工艺规程30 4.7工序计算30 4.8夹紧力计算31 4.9误差的分析32 4.10钻底孔夹具设计32 4.10.1研究原始质料32 4.10.2定位基准的选择32 4.10.3切削力及夹紧力的计算32 4.10.4误差分析与计算33 参考文献34
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