推动架工艺及夹具设计 摘要 本文是在推动架的图样分析后进行推动架的机械加工工艺路线的设计，同时按照其中的加工工序的要求设计夹具。 推动架的主要加工内容是表面和孔。其加工路线长，加工时间多，加工成本高，零件的加工精度要求也高。按照机械加工工艺要求，遵循先面后孔的原则，并将孔与平面的加工明确划分成粗加工和精加工阶段以保证加工精度。基准选择以底面作为粗基准，以底面与两个工艺孔作为精基准，确定了其加工的工艺路线和加工中所需要的各种工艺参数。 在零件的夹具设计中，主要是根据零件加工工序要求，分析应限的自由度数，进而根据零件的表面特征选定定位元件，再分析所选定位元件能否限定应限自由度。确定了定位元件后还需要选择夹紧元件，最后就是确定专用夹具的结构形式。 加工技术是随着机床的生产和发展而逐步完善的一种应用技术。加工过程是通过机床上的刀具直接改变形状、大小、表面位置和表面状态，使其成为成品或半成品的过程。适用于现代批量加工工件的方法。由于社会生产力不断的解放和科学技术的发展，加工技术也在不断的创新，推出别具一格的加工方法，间接推动国家的发展。如何快速应对瞬息万变的市场需求。在零件加工生产线的设计和规划中，满足大中型、高效率、低成本生产的需要是一个重要的考虑因素。机床加工的柔性生产线的高速切削技术已成为大批量加工的发展方向。本文的主题是推动架零件的工艺工装设计。 在推动架加工过程中，设计机械零件的加工工艺规划。其主要内容包括部件产品的结构特点、形状尺寸和技术要求等，分析其零件的作用等，在这基础上，确定毛坯的类型，绘制毛坯图。进行基面的选择，确定加工过程中的粗基准和精基准。根据选好的基准，制订工艺路线。分析并优化零件的加工路线。合理的选择刀具、机床、量具等加工设备，计算在加工过程的理论上的切削参数、基本工时。关键是决定出各个工序的工艺装备及切削用量。最后设计零件的专用夹具，分析其定位误差、切削力、夹紧力等参数，计算此夹具是否成立。难度是在设计过程中，合理的选择数据。加深理解和掌握加工工艺，切削加工的知识与实践结合起来，实现设计的学习和提高自我的专业素质。 关键词：推动架；加工工艺；工序；专用夹具 Drivi
ng Frame Tech
nology a
nd Fixture Desig
n Abstract I
n this paper, after the patter
n a
nalysis of the push frame, the desig
n of the mecha
nical processi
ng process of the push frame is carried out, a
nd the fixture is desig
ned accordi
ng to the requireme
nts of the processi
ng process.The mai
n processi
ng co
nte
nt of the push frame is surface a
nd hole. Its processi
ng route is lo
ng, processi
ng time, processi
ng cost is high, parts processi
ng accuracy requireme
nts are also high. I
n accorda
nce with the requireme
nts of mecha
nical processi
ng tech
nology, the pri
nciple of "first surface, the
n hole" is followed, a
nd the processi
ng of hole a
nd pla
ne is clearly divided i
nto rough processi
ng a
nd fi
nishi
ng stages to e
nsure the processi
ng accuracy. The base pla
ne is chose
n as the rough base pla
ne, a
nd the base pla
ne a
nd two process holes are used as the fi
ne datum.I
n the fixture desig
n of parts, it is mai
nly based o
n the requireme
nts of parts processi
ng process, a
nalysis of the limited degree of freedom, a
nd the
n accordi
ng to the surface characteristics of parts to select positio
ni
ng eleme
nts, a
nd the
n a
nalyze the selected positio
n eleme
nts ca
n limit the degree of freedom. After determi
ni
ng the positio
ni
ng eleme
nt, it is
necessary to select the clampi
ng eleme
nt, a
nd fi
nally determi
ne the structure of the special fixture.Processi
ng tech
nology is a ki
nd of applicatio
n tech
nology which is gradually improved with the productio
n a
nd developme
nt of machi
ne tools. Machi
ni
ng process is the process of cha
ngi
ng the shape, size, surface positio
n a
nd surface state of the cutti
ng tool directly o
n the machi
ne tool to make it i
nto fi
nished or semi-fi
nished products. Suitable for moder
n batch machi
ni
ng workpiece method. Due to the co
nti
nuous liberatio
n of social productive forces a
nd the developme
nt of scie
nce a
nd tech
nology, processi
ng tech
nology is also i
n co
nsta
nt i
n
novatio
n, i
n
novative achieveme
nts u
nique processi
ng methods, i
ndirectly promote the developme
nt of the cou
ntry. How to quickly respo
nd to the ever-cha
ngi
ng market dema
nd. I
n the desig
n a
nd pla
n
ni
ng of spare parts productio
n li
ne, it is a
n importa
nt co
nsideratio
n to meet the
needs of large a
nd medium-sized, high-efficie
ncy a
nd low-cost productio
n. The high speed cutti
ng tech
nology of flexible productio
n li
ne has become the developme
nt directio
n of mass machi
ni
ng. The theme of this paper is to promote the desig
n of the frame parts process tooli
ng.Desig
n the machi
ni
ng process pla
n
ni
ng of mecha
nical parts i
n the process of pushi
ng frame. Its mai
n co
nte
nt i
ncludes the structural characteristics of compo
ne
nts, shape a
nd size a
nd tech
nical requireme
nts, etc., a
nalysis of the role of its parts, etc., o
n this basis, determi
ne the type of bla
nk, draw bla
nk diagram. Base pla
ne selectio
n is carried out to determi
ne the coarse a
nd fi
ne datum i
n the processi
ng process. Accordi
ng to the selected be
nchmark, formulate the process li
ne. A
nalyze a
nd optimize the machi
ni
ng route of parts. Reaso
nable selectio
n of cutti
ng tools, machi
ne tools, measuri
ng tools a
nd other processi
ng equipme
nt, calculatio
n of the theoretical cutti
ng parameters i
n the processi
ng process, the basic worki
ng hours. The key is to determi
ne the process equipme
nt a
nd cutti
ng parameters of each process. Fi
nally, the special fixture of the parts is desig
ned, a
nd its positio
ni
ng error, cutti
ng force, clampi
ng force a
nd other parameters are a
nalyzed to calculate whether the fixture is valid. The difficulty is i
n the desig
n process, the reaso
nable choice of data. Deepe
n u
ndersta
ndi
ng a
nd master the processi
ng tech
nology, cutti
ng k
nowledge a
nd practice together, to achieve the graduatio
n desig
n lear
ni
ng a
nd improve my professio
nal quality. Key words: Push frame processx; processi
ng tech
nology; process; special fixture 目录 摘要i Abstract iii 1绪论1 1.1本课题的研究内容和意义1 1.2国内外的发展概况2 1.3本课题应达到的要求3 2推动架的图样分析4 2.1推动架的作用4 2.2推动架的图样分析4 2.3工艺分析5 3工艺规程设计8 3.1确定毛坯的制造形式8 3.2定位基准的选择10 3.2.1粗基准的选择11 3.2.2精基准的选择12 3.3切削液的选择12 3.4检验工件过程13 3.5废品的出现原因14 3.6质量超差的解决方法14 3.7拟定工艺路线15 3.7.1划分加工阶段15 3.7.2工序集中与分散16 3.7.3安排加工顺序17 3.7.4拟定加工工艺路线18 3.8机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定19 3.9量具的选择21 3.10刀具的选择22 3.11确定切削参数22 4推动架钻孔夹具设计42 4.1研究原始质料42 4.2定位、夹紧方案的选择42 4.3零件图的设计43 4.4钻床装配图确定46 4.5夹紧装置47 4.6切削力及夹紧力的计算48 4.7误差分析与计算50 4.8夹具设计及操作的简要说明51 结论52 参考文献54 外文资料55 致谢63 1绪论 1.1本课题的研究内容和意义 工装工艺及夹具设计是对所学专业课知识的一次巩固，是在进行社会实践之前对所学各课程的一次深入的综合性的总复习，也是理论联系实际的训练。机床夹具已成为机械加工中的重要装备。机床夹具的设计和使用是促进生产发展的重要工艺措施之一。 机械加工工艺规程是生产准备工作的主要依据。根据它来组织原材料和毛坯的供应，进行机床调整，专用工艺装备的设计与制造，编制生产作业计划，调配劳动力，以