目录
摘要2
ABSTRACT 3
第一章绪论4
1.1课题背景及意义4
1.2扑翼式飞行机器人国内外研究现状4
1.2.1扑翼式飞行机器人国外研究现状5
1.2.2扑翼式飞行机器人国内研究现状6
第二章扑翼式机器人方案设计9
2.1鸟类飞行机理分析9
2.2鸟类的飞行情况分析9
2.3扑翼式飞行机器人的尺度率分析及飞行参数的确定10
2.3.1仿生分布式驱动扑翼器的尺度率分析10
2.3.2扑翼式飞行机器人的飞行参数的初步确定11
第三章扑翼式机器人传动方案设计13
3.1扑动结构方案设计13
3.2传动方案的设计15
3.3尾翼方案设计19
3.4内外翼扭转控制机构设计21
第四章三维建模设计23
1.1软件介绍23
1.2建立模型23
参考文献25
致谢27
摘要
仿生分布式驱动仿生分布式驱动扑翼机器人是模拟鸟类、蝙蝠和昆虫等自然生物飞行姿态的一类飞行器。由于仿生分布式驱动扑翼相对旋翼和固定翼有着显着优点,故扑翼式飞行机器人人在许多领域有着广阔的应用前景。目前国内外对扑翼式飞行机器人人的研究仍然集中在单段和两段式刚性翼样机方面,往往忽略大鸟飞行时内翼的扭转运动,导致样机气动性能较差。针对此种状况,本文设计了一种两段式扑翼式飞行机器人人,可以在展向和内外翼弦向上进行两个自由度的运动,设计制作了扑翼样机,进行了相应的实验研究及结构分析。为了设计出仿生性能优越的扑翼式飞行机器人人,本文对大鸟如海鸥等的飞行机理进行了研究,分析了鸟类的翅膀构造和鸟类飞行时的运动和受力情况,明确了设计要求。建立了不同鸟类飞行参数之间的数学关系。鉴于仿生扑翼式飞行机器人人的核心运动是其扑动机构实现的,在确定了扑动方案和扑翼样机的外形参数基础上,对扑动机构进行了尺寸设计。建立了机构运动学方程,直观的分析了扑动机构的角位移、角速度和角加速度的变化特性。利用条带理论估算了扑翼样机的气动力,对扑动机构进行了三维建模分析。基于扑动机构的尺寸设计,对扑翼样机进行了整体的结构设计,并对样机进行了加工制作。在扑动方案确定的基础上,对扑动机构进行了详细的结构设计,包括内外翼之间的连接方式等;对扑翼样机的内外翼扭转机构、翼型和尾翼进行了详细的结构设计;对各个部件选择合适的材料进行了零件加工,对扑翼样机进行装配成型。并运用三维数模软件软进行三维数模的构建,希望通过本次设计对未来的小型龙门式机械手的设计提供设计参考依据。
关键词:仿生分布式驱动扑翼,结构分析,三维数模
ABSTRACT
Flappi
ng wi
ng aircraft ma
n is a ki
nd of aircraft which simulates the flight posture of birds, bats a
nd i
nsects.Because flappi
ng wi
ng flight has sig
nifica
nt adva
ntages over rotor a
nd fixed wi
ng, flappi
ng wi
ng aircraft has a broad applicatio
n prospect i
n ma
ny fields.At prese
nt, the research o
n flappi
ng wi
ng robots at home a
nd abroad is still focused o
n the si
ngle-stage a
nd two-stage rigid wi
ng prototype, which ofte
n ig
nores the torsio
nal motio
n of the i
n
ner wi
ng duri
ng the flight of the big bird, resulti
ng i
n poor aerody
namic performa
nce of the prototype.I
n view of this situatio
n, this paper desig
ns a ki
nd of two-stage flappi
ng wi
ng UAV, which ca
n move two degrees of freedom i
n the spa
n directio
n a
nd i
n the chord directio
n of the i
n
ner a
nd outer wi
ngs. A prototype of the flappi
ng wi
ng is desig
ned a
nd made, a
nd the correspo
ndi
ng experime
ntal research a
nd structural a
nalysis are carried out.I
n order to desig
n the flappi
ng wi
ng aircraft with superior bio
nic performa
nce, this paper studies the flight mecha
nism of large birds such as seagulls, a
nalyzes the wi
ng structure of large birds a
nd the moveme
nt a
nd force of birds duri
ng flight, a
nd makes clear the desig
n i
ntuitively.The aerody
namic force of flappi
ng wi
ng prototype was estimated by strip theory, a
nd the flappi
ng mecha
nism was a
nalyzed by 3D modeli
ng.Based o
n the size desig
n of the flappi
ng mecha
nism, the whole structure desig
n of the flappi
ng wi
ng prototype scheme, the structure of the flappi
ng mecha
nism is desig
ned i
n detail, i
ncludi
ng the co
n
nectio
n mode betwee
n the i
n
ner a
nd outer wi
ngs, etc.The torsio
n mecha
nism of the i
n
ner a
nd outer wi
ngs, the airfoil a
nd the tail of the flappi
ng wi
ng prototype are desig
ned i
n detail.Select the appropriate materials for each part of the parts processi
ng, the flappi
ng wi
ng prototype assembly moldi
ng.A
nd the use of 3D mathematical modeli
ng software software for the co
nstructio
n of 3D mathematical modeli
ng, hope through this desig
n for the future of small ga
ntry ma
nipulator desig
n to provide a desig
n refere
nce. Key words: flappi
ng wi
ng aircraft ma
n, structural a
nalysis, three dime
nsio
nal model 第一章绪论 1.1课题背景及意义 仿生分布式驱动扑翼机器人是一类无人驾驶的飞行器,模拟鸟类、蝙蝠和昆虫等自然生物的飞行特性,以达到最大的飞行效率和机动性。在过去这些年中,对这一领域的许多研究已经在实施了,由于它适合许多潜在的应用,特别是在开阔地带的建筑物的搜索和救援、在工业中感测化学品的泄露和对核电站的辐射的监视和视察。 从机械仿生学的角度来看,鸟类的飞行可以看作是由驱动器、传动结构和仿生翅翼组成的系统运动。目前多数机构的研究主要集中在仿昆柔性翅和仿鸟单段翅,其样机的翅膀的材料一般会选择碳纤维、石墨-环氧树脂复合材料等来制作翅翼。而在仿鸟多段柔性翼方面的研究不够全面,刚性扑动机构所设计的样机难以模拟真实鸟类的翅膀在不同风速下的弯折、变形、张开和收拢的过程,这使得扑翼样机在气动方面的性能下降。与刚性机构不同,柔性机构通常包含弯曲关节、节段或其他弹性元件,它们可以通过柔性元件的变形来改变运动、力和能量。与刚性机构相比,柔性机构有数个优点,例如减少磨损,没有摩擦和间隙,以及与微电子机械系统加工技术的兼容性。 基于以上研究背景,本课题提出两段式柔性仿鸟扑翼式飞行机器人样机设计及实验研究。两段式柔性仿鸟扑翼式飞行机器人是一种采用两段翼结构形式的扑翼式飞行机器人,在翅膀扑动过程中,由柔性材料制作的翅翼在弦向和展向上存在着姿态的主动变化,该样机可以模拟鸟类在外界不同的气动力矩模式下导致扑翼发生柔性变形以及此时鸟类的运动规律。通过巧妙的机械结构设计,在适当的部位安装扭转舵机,从而实现对扑翼式飞行机器人内外翼翅膀的主动控制,此举可以更好的模拟。鸟类飞行时的真实姿态,增强样机飞行时的稳定性。从而为研制出具有优良飞行
展开...
ng wi
ng aircraft ma
n is a ki
nd of aircraft which simulates the flight posture of birds, bats a
nd i
nsects.Because flappi
ng wi
ng flight has sig
nifica
nt adva
ntages over rotor a
nd fixed wi
ng, flappi
ng wi
ng aircraft has a broad applicatio
n prospect i
n ma
ny fields.At prese
nt, the research o
n flappi
ng wi
ng robots at home a
nd abroad is still focused o
n the si
ngle-stage a
nd two-stage rigid wi
ng prototype, which ofte
n ig
nores the torsio
nal motio
n of the i
n
ner wi
ng duri
ng the flight of the big bird, resulti
ng i
n poor aerody
namic performa
nce of the prototype.I
n view of this situatio
n, this paper desig
ns a ki
nd of two-stage flappi
ng wi
ng UAV, which ca
n move two degrees of freedom i
n the spa
n directio
n a
nd i
n the chord directio
n of the i
n
ner a
nd outer wi
ngs. A prototype of the flappi
ng wi
ng is desig
ned a
nd made, a
nd the correspo
ndi
ng experime
ntal research a
nd structural a
nalysis are carried out.I
n order to desig
n the flappi
ng wi
ng aircraft with superior bio
nic performa
nce, this paper studies the flight mecha
nism of large birds such as seagulls, a
nalyzes the wi
ng structure of large birds a
nd the moveme
nt a
nd force of birds duri
ng flight, a
nd makes clear the desig
n i
ntuitively.The aerody
namic force of flappi
ng wi
ng prototype was estimated by strip theory, a
nd the flappi
ng mecha
nism was a
nalyzed by 3D modeli
ng.Based o
n the size desig
n of the flappi
ng mecha
nism, the whole structure desig
n of the flappi
ng wi
ng prototype scheme, the structure of the flappi
ng mecha
nism is desig
ned i
n detail, i
ncludi
ng the co
n
nectio
n mode betwee
n the i
n
ner a
nd outer wi
ngs, etc.The torsio
n mecha
nism of the i
n
ner a
nd outer wi
ngs, the airfoil a
nd the tail of the flappi
ng wi
ng prototype are desig
ned i
n detail.Select the appropriate materials for each part of the parts processi
ng, the flappi
ng wi
ng prototype assembly moldi
ng.A
nd the use of 3D mathematical modeli
ng software software for the co
nstructio
n of 3D mathematical modeli
ng, hope through this desig
n for the future of small ga
ntry ma
nipulator desig
n to provide a desig
n refere
nce. Key words: flappi
ng wi
ng aircraft ma
n, structural a
nalysis, three dime
nsio
nal model 第一章绪论 1.1课题背景及意义 仿生分布式驱动扑翼机器人是一类无人驾驶的飞行器,模拟鸟类、蝙蝠和昆虫等自然生物的飞行特性,以达到最大的飞行效率和机动性。在过去这些年中,对这一领域的许多研究已经在实施了,由于它适合许多潜在的应用,特别是在开阔地带的建筑物的搜索和救援、在工业中感测化学品的泄露和对核电站的辐射的监视和视察。 从机械仿生学的角度来看,鸟类的飞行可以看作是由驱动器、传动结构和仿生翅翼组成的系统运动。目前多数机构的研究主要集中在仿昆柔性翅和仿鸟单段翅,其样机的翅膀的材料一般会选择碳纤维、石墨-环氧树脂复合材料等来制作翅翼。而在仿鸟多段柔性翼方面的研究不够全面,刚性扑动机构所设计的样机难以模拟真实鸟类的翅膀在不同风速下的弯折、变形、张开和收拢的过程,这使得扑翼样机在气动方面的性能下降。与刚性机构不同,柔性机构通常包含弯曲关节、节段或其他弹性元件,它们可以通过柔性元件的变形来改变运动、力和能量。与刚性机构相比,柔性机构有数个优点,例如减少磨损,没有摩擦和间隙,以及与微电子机械系统加工技术的兼容性。 基于以上研究背景,本课题提出两段式柔性仿鸟扑翼式飞行机器人样机设计及实验研究。两段式柔性仿鸟扑翼式飞行机器人是一种采用两段翼结构形式的扑翼式飞行机器人,在翅膀扑动过程中,由柔性材料制作的翅翼在弦向和展向上存在着姿态的主动变化,该样机可以模拟鸟类在外界不同的气动力矩模式下导致扑翼发生柔性变形以及此时鸟类的运动规律。通过巧妙的机械结构设计,在适当的部位安装扭转舵机,从而实现对扑翼式飞行机器人内外翼翅膀的主动控制,此举可以更好的模拟。鸟类飞行时的真实姿态,增强样机飞行时的稳定性。从而为研制出具有优良飞行
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