立式精锻机自动上料机械手手部机构的设计
摘要
机械手是一种能模拟人的手臂的部分动作,按预定的程序、轨迹及其它要求,实现抓娶搬运工件或操纵工具的自动化装置。
机械手主要是执行部分、驱动部分和控制部分组成。根据手臂的动作要求,采用圆柱坐标型机械手;机械手的自由度数为四个,它们是大臂的升降和回转运动,小臂的伸缩运动,手腕的回转运动;机械手手部结构采用两支点回转型;机械手驱动方式采用液压驱动。控制方式为点位程序控制。本次设计主要手部结构设计。通过上述部分设计,设计出了立式精锻机自动上料机械手,达到本次设计的要求。
关键词:自动上料机械手;液压驱动;手部结构设计
Desig
n of ha
nd mecha
nism of automatic feedi
ng ma
nipulator for vertical precisio
n forgi
ng machi
ne Abstract Ma
nipulator is part of the actio
n to simulate a huma
n arm, accordi
ng to a predetermi
ned program, track a
nd other requireme
nts, crawls, porters or ma
nipulatio
n tools automated device. The compositio
n of the mecha
nical i
ndustry ma
nipulator i
ncludes three parts: the mecha
nical part, the drive part a
nd the the co
ntrol part. Accordi
ng to the motio
n requireme
nts of the ma
nipulator’s arm, it has adopted cyli
ndrical coordi
nate ma
nipulator. The
number of the ma
nipulator’s freedom is four: up-dow
n a
nd rotati
ng of the big arm, the straight reciprocati
ng motio
n of the small arm, rotary moveme
nt of the wrist. The fi
ngers of the ma
nipulator have adopted the two-poi
nts sustai
n rou
nd structure. The power drive of ma
nipulator is to be used is hydraulic system a
nd co
ntrol program for poi
nts co
ntrol type. This desig
n mai
nly co
nsist of the structural desig
n of ha
nd. What I mai
nly desig
n is the structural desig
n of large arm take-off a
nd la
ndi
ng a
nd rotatio
n, a
nd I carry out the theoretical a
nalysis a
nd compariso
n of hydraulic system.Through the above parts of desig
ns, the author desig
ns a hydraulic automatic feedi
ng ma
nipulator of vertical forgi
ng machi
ne to achieve the desig
n goal. Key Words;automatic feedi
ng ma
nipulator;hydraulic drive;the structural desig
n of ha
nd 主要符号表 F夹紧力 G工件重力 安全系数 工作情况系数 方位系数 理论驱动力 实际驱动力 D直径 d活塞杆直径 应力 许用应力 S受力面积 f摩擦力 目录 1绪论1 1.1综述1 1.2工业机械手的发展概况1 1.2.1国际发展状况1 1.2.2国内发展状况2 1.2.3机械手的技术发展方向2 1.3工业机械手的简介3 1.3.1工业机械手的分类3 1.3.2工业机械手的组成4 1.3.3工业机械手的自由度与坐标形式5 1.4课题主要的研究意义7 1.5本文主要研究内容7 2机械手手部方案设计9 2.1手爪类型介绍9 2.2手部设计要求14 2.3选定手部结构设计方案15 3机械手手部结构设计计算与分析16 3.1手部计算与分析16 3.2手部零件分析18 3.2.1手部结构与工作原理18 3.2.2手指选型与校核19 3.2.3拉紧轴受力分析与强度校核22 3.2.4轴环受力分析与强度校核23 3.2.5确定V型钳爪的L,β 23 4机械手其他部位设计简介24 4.1手腕的设计简介24 4.1.1手腕设计的基本要求24 4.2手臂的设计简介24 4.2.1.臂部伸缩运动结构24 4.2.2臂部回转运动25 4.2.3臂部升降运动26 4.3液压系统简介26 4.3.1液压系统工作原理26 4.3.2液压传动的工作特性26 4.3.3液压系统的优缺点27 5结论28 参考文献29 致谢30
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n of ha
nd mecha
nism of automatic feedi
ng ma
nipulator for vertical precisio
n forgi
ng machi
ne Abstract Ma
nipulator is part of the actio
n to simulate a huma
n arm, accordi
ng to a predetermi
ned program, track a
nd other requireme
nts, crawls, porters or ma
nipulatio
n tools automated device. The compositio
n of the mecha
nical i
ndustry ma
nipulator i
ncludes three parts: the mecha
nical part, the drive part a
nd the the co
ntrol part. Accordi
ng to the motio
n requireme
nts of the ma
nipulator’s arm, it has adopted cyli
ndrical coordi
nate ma
nipulator. The
number of the ma
nipulator’s freedom is four: up-dow
n a
nd rotati
ng of the big arm, the straight reciprocati
ng motio
n of the small arm, rotary moveme
nt of the wrist. The fi
ngers of the ma
nipulator have adopted the two-poi
nts sustai
n rou
nd structure. The power drive of ma
nipulator is to be used is hydraulic system a
nd co
ntrol program for poi
nts co
ntrol type. This desig
n mai
nly co
nsist of the structural desig
n of ha
nd. What I mai
nly desig
n is the structural desig
n of large arm take-off a
nd la
ndi
ng a
nd rotatio
n, a
nd I carry out the theoretical a
nalysis a
nd compariso
n of hydraulic system.Through the above parts of desig
ns, the author desig
ns a hydraulic automatic feedi
ng ma
nipulator of vertical forgi
ng machi
ne to achieve the desig
n goal. Key Words;automatic feedi
ng ma
nipulator;hydraulic drive;the structural desig
n of ha
nd 主要符号表 F夹紧力 G工件重力 安全系数 工作情况系数 方位系数 理论驱动力 实际驱动力 D直径 d活塞杆直径 应力 许用应力 S受力面积 f摩擦力 目录 1绪论1 1.1综述1 1.2工业机械手的发展概况1 1.2.1国际发展状况1 1.2.2国内发展状况2 1.2.3机械手的技术发展方向2 1.3工业机械手的简介3 1.3.1工业机械手的分类3 1.3.2工业机械手的组成4 1.3.3工业机械手的自由度与坐标形式5 1.4课题主要的研究意义7 1.5本文主要研究内容7 2机械手手部方案设计9 2.1手爪类型介绍9 2.2手部设计要求14 2.3选定手部结构设计方案15 3机械手手部结构设计计算与分析16 3.1手部计算与分析16 3.2手部零件分析18 3.2.1手部结构与工作原理18 3.2.2手指选型与校核19 3.2.3拉紧轴受力分析与强度校核22 3.2.4轴环受力分析与强度校核23 3.2.5确定V型钳爪的L,β 23 4机械手其他部位设计简介24 4.1手腕的设计简介24 4.1.1手腕设计的基本要求24 4.2手臂的设计简介24 4.2.1.臂部伸缩运动结构24 4.2.2臂部回转运动25 4.2.3臂部升降运动26 4.3液压系统简介26 4.3.1液压系统工作原理26 4.3.2液压传动的工作特性26 4.3.3液压系统的优缺点27 5结论28 参考文献29 致谢30
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