机械5

C6180普通车床的数控化改造（横向与纵向进给系统） 摘要 伴随着科学技术的快速发展，数控技术及数控机床在当今机械制造业中的重要地位和巨大效益，显示了其在国家基础工业现代化中的战略性作用，并已成为传统机械制造工业提升改造和实现自动化、柔性化、集成化生产的重要手段和标志。鉴于我国目前机床拥有数量大，生产规模小的特点，用较小的资金迅速改变机械工业落后的生产面貌，使之尽可能地提高自动化程度，保证生产质量，减轻劳动强度，提高经济效益，而实现这一任务的途径就是对普通机床进行数控化改造。 本文对C6180普通机床数控化改造进行了深入研究，主要在机床横向与纵向进给系统方面进行改造。通过对原有技术参数，横向与纵向进给系统，机床关键部件参数的计算，对原机床进行横向与纵向进给系统进行数控化改造设计、对机床改造方案的选择以及在改造中应注意的事项等进行了详细的论述。最终经过改造的机床达到预期的功能和精度，完全能达到预期效果。提高了普通机床的生产效率，降低了劳动强度，改造后的机床性能更加稳定可靠，可以有效提高工件加工精度和生产效率。 关键词：普通机床；数控化改造；横向与纵向进给系统 Abstract With the rapid developme
nt of scie
nce a
nd tech
nology,the importa
nt positio
n a
nd great be
nefit of
numerical co
ntrol tech
nology a
nd CNC machi
ne tool i
n the moder
n machi
nery ma
nufacturi
ng i
ndustry show its strategic role i
n the moder
nizatio
n of
natio
nal basic i
ndustry,a
nd have become a
n importa
nt part of the traditio
nal machi
nery ma
nufacturi
ng i
ndustry to upgrade a
nd tra
nsform a
nd realize automatizatio
n,flexibility a
nd i
ntegrated productio
n. Mea
ns a
nd sig
ns.I
nview of the large
number of machi
ne tools a
nd small scale of productio
n i
n Chi
na,the backward productio
n features of the machi
nery i
ndustry are rapidly cha
ngedwith smaller fu
nds,so as to make it possible to improve the degree of automatio
n,guara
ntee the quality of productio
n,reduce labor i
nte
nsity a
nd improve eco
nomic efficie
ncy,a
nd theway to achieve this task is to carry out this task.Numerical co
ntrol tra
nsformatio
n. I
n this paper,the NC tra
nsformatio
n of C6180 ordi
nary machi
ne tools has bee
n deeply studied,mai
nly i
n the tra
nsverse a
nd lo
ngitudi
nal feed system of machi
ne tools.Through the calculatio
n of the origi
nal tech
nical parameters,the horizo
ntal a
nd lo
ngitudi
nal feed systems,the parameters of the key parts of the machi
ne tools,the
numerical co
ntrol tra
nsformatio
n desig
n of the horizo
ntal a
nd lo
ngitudi
nal feed systems for the origi
nal machi
ne tools,the selectio
n of the tra
nsformatio
n scheme of the machi
ne tools a
nd the matters to be paid atte
ntio
n to i
n the tra
nsformatio
n are discussed i
n detail.Fi
nally,the tra
nsformed machi
ne tool achieves the expected fu
nctio
n a
nd accuracy,a
nd achieves the desired effect.The productio
n efficie
ncy of the commo
n machi
ne tool is improved,the labor i
nte
nsity is reduced,the performa
nce of the machi
ne tool after the tra
nsformatio
n is more stable a
nd reliable,a
nd the machi
ni
ng accuracy a
nd productio
n efficie
ncy ca
n be improved effectively. Keywords:Ge
neral machi
ne tool;Numerical co
ntrol tra
nsformatio
n;Tra
nsverse a
nd lo
ngitudi
nal feed system 目录 引言1 第1章概述3 1.1机床数控化改造的必要性3 1.2普通机床数控改造的主要优点4 第2章总体方案的设计7 2.1设计任务7 2.2总体方案的论证7 2.3总体方案的确定7 2.4数控系统的选择8 第3章机械部分改造9 3.1机械部件的选择9 3.2数控机床进给伺服系统的设计计算9 3.2.1选择脉冲当量9 3.2.2算切削力9 3.3滚珠丝杠螺母副的计算和横向进给丝杠的选型9 3.3.1进给牵引力的计算9 3.3.2最大动负载的计算9 3.3.3选择滚珠丝杠螺母副10 3.3.4传动效率的计算10 3.3.5刚度的验算10 3.3.6校核12 3.4齿轮传动比计算17 3.5步进电机的计算和选型17 3.5.1等效转动惯量计算17 3.5.2电机力矩的计算18 3.5.3步进电机空载启动频率和切削时的工作频率20 3.6纵向进给系统20 3.7机械部分改造26 3.8主轴脉冲编码器的安装28 结论31 参考文献33 致谢35