机械5

摘要 伴随着机械制造工业的发展，模具是工业之母的地位依然不可撼动，模具能够实现高效率状态下，同等精度和质量制品的的大批量生产。模具工业技术在不断的发展前行中得到了更加广泛的应用。特别是在电子电器设备与机械仪表设备、生活日用塑胶件中有了更高程度的提高。 本次设计是以“闹钟后盖”塑件为原始文件，进行注塑模具设计。首选针对此塑件，进行结构分析，确定其塑件结构适合采用注塑模具结构生产，然后选择合适的高分子材料与型腔的出模数量。结合模具设计原则与设计规范，选择分型面并且分模完成成型系统零件设计，对浇注系统的设计方面，力求充填均匀，流道废料少、短。冷却系统均匀的分布在塑件的周边，使得温度冷却合理，在脱模顶出机构上，采用均匀分布顶出系统，让塑件能够均匀的受力顶出脱模。在选择标注模架系统方面，采用了国内最大的模具企业生产的龙记GB国标标准模架系统，能够保证制造周期短，制造精度高、效率高的特点。 在完成全套的模具结构设计之后，对其生产所需的注塑机进行了选择与校核，其中校核项目包裹注塑量、注塑压力、锁模力、安装尺寸、顶出行程等内容。 本次设计中，采用了计算机辅助设计软件，其中包括二维设计软件AutoCAD绘制模具的总装图与非标的零件工程图，采用了三维软件进行了塑件的建模与整体装配建模。 本次设计来源于生活实践中，应用非常广泛，采用计算机辅助设计软件大大的提高了设计效率。通过完成了对应设计参数的计算与校核。经过计算校核，本套设计满足实践需求。 关键词：闹钟后盖；注塑模具；型腔；分型面；浇注系统；注塑机 Abstract With the developme
nt of machi
nery ma
nufacturi
ng i
ndustry, the status of mould as the mother of i
ndustry is still u
nshakable. The mould ca
n realize mass productio
n of productswith the same precisio
n a
nd quality u
nder the co
nditio
n of high efficie
ncy. Mold i
ndustry tech
nology has bee
n morewidely used i
n the co
nti
nuous developme
nt. Especially i
n electro
nic a
nd electrical equipme
nt a
nd mecha
nical i
nstrume
ntatio
n equipme
nt, daily plastic parts have bee
n improved to a higher degree. This desig
n is based o
n the"alarm clock back cover" plastic parts as the origi
nal docume
nt for i
njectio
n mold desig
n. The preferred method is to a
nalyze the structure of the plastic part a
nd determi
ne that the structure of the plastic part is suitable for the productio
n of i
njectio
n mold structure. The
n the appropriate amou
nt of polymer material a
nd cavity is selected. Accordi
ng to the desig
n pri
nciples a
nd specificatio
ns of the mould, the parti
ng surface is selected a
nd the part desig
n of the formi
ng system is completed by parti
ng. For the desig
n of the gati
ng system, the filli
ng is u
niform a
nd the ru
n
nerwaste is less a
nd shorter. The cooli
ng system is eve
nly distributed arou
nd the plastic parts,which makes the temperature cooli
ng reaso
nable. I
n the ejectio
n mecha
nism, the ejectio
n systemwith u
niform distributio
n is adopted, so that the plastic parts ca
n eject ejectio
n u
nder u
niform force. I
n the selectio
n of marki
ng die base system, Lo
ngji GB
natio
nal sta
ndard die base system produced by the largest domestic die a
nd mould e
nterprises is adopted,which ca
n e
nsure the characteristics of short ma
nufacturi
ng cycle, high ma
nufacturi
ng accuracy a
nd high efficie
ncy. After the complete set of die structure desig
nwas completed, the i
njectio
n machi
ne
needed for its productio
nwas selected a
nd checked, i
ncludi
ng the checki
ng items of package i
njectio
n qua
ntity, i
njectio
n pressure, clampi
ng force, i
nstallatio
n size, ejectio
n trip a
nd so o
n. I
n this desig
n, computer aided desig
n software is used, i
ncludi
ng two-dime
nsio
nal desig
n software AutoCAD to draw the assembly drawi
ng a
nd
no
n-sta
ndard parts e
ngi
neeri
ng drawi
ng of the die, a
nd three-dime
nsio
nal software is used to model the plastic parts a
nd thewhole assembly modeli
ng. This desig
n comes from life practice a
nd iswidely used. The efficie
ncy of desig
n is greatly improved by usi
ng computer aided desig
n software. The correspo
ndi
ng desig
n parameters are calculated a
nd checked. After calculatio
n a
ndverificatio
n, the desig
n meets the practical
needs. Keywords: alarm clock back cover; i
njectio
n mould; cavity; parti
ng surface; pouri
ng system; i
njectio
n machi
ne 目录 摘要I Abstract II 第一章绪论1 1.1注塑模具的简介1 1.2注塑模具发展国内外现状1 1.3国内模具的优劣势2 1.4本课题研究内容3 第二章塑件工艺分析与材料的选择4 2.1塑件工艺分析4 2.2塑件材料的选择5 2.2.1 ABS塑料的特点5 2.2.2 ABS的技术指标5 2.2.3 ABS的注塑成型工艺参数6 2.3 ABS材料的应用6 2.4塑件的体积与质量7 2.5塑件壁厚的分析7 第三章模具结构方案的确定8 3.1出模数量与型腔布局8 3.2分型面的设计9 3.2.1分型面设计的原则9 3.2.2分型面类型的选择9 3.3分型面具体结构形式的确定9 第四章模具浇注系统的设计11 4.1浇注系统的组成11 4.2浇注系统的设计原则11 4.3流道的设计11 4.3.1主流道的设计11 4.3.2分流道的设计12 4.3.3冷料穴的设计12 4.3.4浇口的设计13 4.4浇注系统标准件的选用13 第五章模具成型系统设计15 5.1型腔结构设计15 5.2型芯结构设计15 5.3型腔成型零件尺寸计算16 5.4型芯成型零件尺寸计算17 5.5成型钢材的选用18 第六章模具温度系统设计19 6.1模具温度调节系统概述19 6.2模具冷却系统设计要求19 6.3冷却水道的形式类型20 6.4模具冷却水道的计算校核21 第七章模具顶出脱模机构23 7.1顶出脱模机构概述23 7.2顶出机构零件23 7.3顶出脱模机构的分类23 7.4脱模机构的设计要点24 第八章标准模架的选用26 8.1模架概述26 8.2标准模架的选用26 8.3模架型号的确定26 第九章注塑机的选择与校核28 9.1注塑机的概述28 9.2初选注塑机型号28 9.3校核注塑机注塑量29 9.4校核压力29 9.5校核模具安装尺寸30 9.6校核移模行程30 9.7校核注塑机锁模力30 第十章主要零件数控加工编程32 10.1数控编程32 10.2数控仿真加工39 10.3程序的后处理40 设计总结42 致谢43 附图44 参考文献45