舞台防火幕提升及下降装置的开发与设计 摘要 舞台机械是为了使表演的效果更加柔美，从而引领观众进入更深的艺术境界而使用的各类机械结构的总称。而舞台防火幕是当舞台发生火灾时，在无电的情况下自己下落，即在发生火灾的情况下能及时快速的放下防火幕，又不能因为下降的冲击力过大而对舞台造成冲击，甚至是对舞台造成破坏。本次设计在参考近年来舞台防火幕提升及下降阻尼装置的开发与设计基础上，通过查阅大量文献，并结合各个机构自身的的特点，对各个机构进行具体分析，提出了整体结构以及各个执行部件结构的设计方案。 提升及阻尼系统是防火幕的重中之重。其作用是常规下电动将幕体提升至台口以上，使用时在无电状态下快速自动下降到舞台面。由于幕体自由下降惯性极大，降落过程中要分级减速，既能保证在最短时间内隔离到位又不至于撞击台面。根据给定的相关参数进行设计计算，算出准确的下降时间，加速度，速度等，并且根据压力等液压参数选择材料、零件型号。 本文的特点是将机械的上升下降速度和液压阻尼系统有效的结合起来，通过活塞在液压缸内的运动速度调节幕体的速度，而活塞的运动速度又靠连在接液压缸上的节流阀所控制，很好的把机械结构和液压系统相连接。在机械方面，主要通过设计任务给定的幕体的宏观速度进行设计计算，从而选定各部分的参数及部件的型号。在液压方面主要通过控制活塞杆的运动来控制幕体的下降速度，而活塞的运动速度是靠油液经过阻尼小孔的流量来进行控制的。 关键词：防火幕链条传动节流阀活塞 ABSTRACT Stage machi
nery i
n order to affect a more perfect performa
nce i
n order to lead the audie
nce i
nto a deeper realm of art used by the ge
neral term for all types of mecha
nical devices. Fire scree
n a
nd stage is the stage whe
n the case of fire, i
n the case of radio the whereabouts of their ow
n, that is, i
n the case of fire i
n time to lay dow
n their rapid fire scree
n, a
nd they do
not impact because of the decli
ne is too large a
n impact o
n the stage, eve
n damage of the stage. The refere
nce desig
n i
n rece
nt years to upgrade the stage curtai
n a
nd drop fire dampi
ng devices based o
n the developme
nt a
nd desig
n, through access to a large
number of literature a
nd its i
ntegratio
n of the various age
ncies of the characteristics of a co
ncrete a
nalysis of the various age
ncies, raise the overall structure as well as the impleme
ntatio
n of structural compo
ne
nts of the desig
n. Upgradi
ng a
nd dampi
ng system is a key compo
ne
nt of the fire curtai
n a
nd the core tech
nology. Its fu
nctio
n is to power the scree
n u
nder co
nve
ntio
nal body over to the Taiwa
n populatio
n, use of state power i
n the abse
nce of rapid automatic face the fate of the stage. Free-fall as a result of i
nertia scree
n great body, the whereabouts of the course grade to decelerate i
n the shortest possible time ca
n e
nsure they will
not impact the isolatio
n table i
n place. Accordi
ng to the give
n parameters related to the desig
n calculatio
n, calculate the exact decli
ne time, acceleratio
n, speed, etc., a
nd accordi
ng to the pressure a
nd other hydraulic parameters to select the material, part model. The characteristics of this paper is to i
ncrease the rate of decli
ne of the mecha
nical a
nd hydraulic dampi
ng system combi
ned with a
n effective, through the pisto
n moveme
nt i
n the hydraulic cyli
nder speed adjustme
nt scree
n the speed of the body, a
nd the pisto
n velocity a
nd o
n eve
n i
n the
next hydraulic cyli
nder co
ntrolled by the throttle, very good structure a
nd the machi
nery co
n
nected to the hydraulic system. I
n machi
nery, primarily through the desig
n of the scree
n to set the macro-body desig
n a
nd calculatio
n speed i
n order to select the parameters of the various parts a
nd compo
ne
nts model.I
n the hydraulic side mai
nly by co
ntrolli
ng the moveme
nt of the pisto
n rod to co
ntrol the desce
ndi
ng speed of the body, a
nd the pisto
n speed is by the oil through the damp hole flow to co
ntrol. Key Words：Fire scree
n; Chai
n drive; Throttle valve; pisto
n 目录 摘要I ABSTRACT II 1绪论1 1.1机械舞台的定义1 1.2我国机械舞台的现状及发展前景1 1.3目前防火幕的研究概况和发展趋势2 1.4国内、外舞台机械状况对比2 1.5国内舞台机械亟待解决的几个问题3 1.6本文的设计内容4 2防火幕工作过程的整体设计5 3提升装置的机械结构设计8 3.1主要部件的参数计算8 3.2电动机的选择9 3.3联轴器的选择10 3.4减速器的选择10 3.5卷筒的设计10 3.6链条传动系统的设计10 3.7本章小结11 4分级减速的液压系统结构设计12 4.1下降阻尼装置工作原理分析12 4.2零部件参数的计算12 4.3液压缸的设计17 4.4螺杆的设计19 4.5底座的设计21 4.6本章小结21 5结论22 参考文献23 附录1：外文翻译24 附录2：外文原文27 致谢35