三轴联动激光切/雕一体机设计 THE DESIGN OF THE THREE AXIS LINKAGE LASER CUTTING/ ENCARVING MACHINE 摘要 激光切割和雕刻加工是以数控技术为基础，激光作为加工媒介，使待加工材料在激光的照射下，被照射部位温度瞬间升高，发生熔化和气化，从而达到去除材料的目的。为了提高三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的加工精度并尽可能的降低制造成本，应用现代CAD/CAE技术来设计和分析三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的相关零部件十分必要。 本课题基于既定的性能指标，设计了一种基于同步带和滚柱丝杠传动的三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的机械结构。在整个设计过程中，首先对三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的发展状况进行了调研；其次根据设定好的性能指标，对机器进行整体的设计计算，并对关键零部件进行了校核；然后使用SolidWorks建模软件对三轴联动激光切/雕一体机进行了三维建模、整机装配以及运动仿真工作；最后再利用ANSYS完成对三轴联动激光切/雕一体机关键部件的静力学分析。主要完成工作如下： 1）进行了充分的市场调研，对三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的多种设计方案进行了详细的对比分析之后，确定了三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的总体方案。 2）根据所学知识设计三轴联动激光切/雕一体机，并使之达到设定的性能指标。 3）使用SolidWorks建模软件对三轴联动激光切/雕一体机进行了三维建模、整机装配以及运动仿真工作。 4）利用ANSYS对三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的关键部件进行了静力学分析，校核了方案的可行性和合理性。最后采购相关的零部件，进行了机器的实物装配。 关键词三轴联动；激光切/雕；运动仿真；静力学分析 Abstract Laser cutti
ng a
nd e
ncarvi
ng are based o
n
numerical co
ntrol tech
nology, a
nd laser is used as the processi
ng medium, so that the material to be processed is irradiated by laser, the temperature of the irradiated part rises i
nsta
nta
neously, melti
ng a
nd gasificatio
n, so as to achieve the purpose of removi
ng material. I
n order to improve the machi
ni
ng precisio
n of the three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ncarvi
ng machi
ne a
nd reduce the ma
nufacturi
ng cost as much as possible, it is
necessary to apply moder
n CAD/CAE tech
nology to desig
n a
nd a
nalyze the related parts of the three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ncarvi
ng machi
ne. Based o
n the established performa
nce i
ndex, this paper desig
ns a mecha
nical structure of three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ncarvi
ng machi
ne based o
n sy
nchro
nous belt a
nd roller screw drive. I
n thewhole desig
n process, the developme
nt of the three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ncarvi
ng machi
ne is i
nvestigated. Seco
ndly, accordi
ng to the set performa
nce i
ndex, the machi
ne is desig
ned a
nd calculated as awhole, a
nd the key parts are checked. The
n the SolidWorks modeli
ng software is used to carry out the three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ncarvi
ng machi
ne. Three dime
nsio
nal modeli
ng, assembly a
nd motio
n simulatio
nwork, a
nd fi
nally the static a
nalysis of the key compo
ne
nts of the three axis laser cutti
ng/ carvi
ng machi
ne is completed by usi
ng ANSYS. The mai
nwork is as follows: 1) After a full market i
nvestigatio
n a
nd a detailed compariso
n a
nd a
nalysis of thevarious desig
n schemes of the three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ncarvi
ng machi
ne, the overall scheme of the three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ncarvi
ng machi
ne is determi
ned. 2) Desig
n a three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ngravi
ng machi
ne based o
n the k
nowledge, a
nd achieve the set of performa
nce i
ndicators. 3) Usi
ng the SolidWorks modeli
ng software, the 3D modeli
ng, assembly a
nd motio
n simulatio
n of the three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ncarvi
ng machi
newere carried out. 4) Usi
ng ANSYS to a
nalyze the key compo
ne
nts of the three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ncarvi
ng machi
ne, the feasibility a
nd ratio
nality of the schemewere checked. Fi
nally, the releva
nt partswere purchased, a
nd the physical assembly of the machi
newas carried out. Keywords three axis li
nkage laser cutti
ng/ e
ncarvi
ng motio
n simulatio
n statics a
nalysis 目录 摘要I Abstract II 1绪论1 1.1三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的原理1 1.2三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的发展现状1 1.3本课题研究的内容及意义2 2三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的总体方案设计3 2.1三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的总体方案3 2.2激光器的选型4 2.2.1激光器的发展历程4 2.2.2激光器的选型4 3三轴联动激光切/雕一体机传动系统设计及计算6 3.1电机的选型6 3.1.1 X向电机的选型6 3.1.2 Y向电机的选型6 3.1.3 Z向电机的选型7 3.2同步带副的设计8 3.2.1 X向同步带副的设计8 3.2.2 Y向同步带副的设计10 3.3滚珠丝杠副的设计12 3.4导轨的设计16 3.4.1 X向导轨的设计16 3.4.2 Y向导轨的设计17 3.5联轴器的选型17 4三轴联动激光切/雕一体机控制系统的设计19 4.1系统硬件的设计19 4.2系统的控制软件20 5基于ANSYS的静力学分析22 5.1 ANSYS简介22 5.2直线导轨副静力学分析22 5.2.1 X向横梁静力学分析22 5.2.2 X向直线导轨静力学分析23 5.3滚珠丝杠副静力学分析25 6基于SolidWorks的整机3D建模及装配27 6.1同步带副的建模27 6.2滚珠丝杠副的建模27 6.3直线导轨的建模29 6.4联轴器的建模29 6.5三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的装配及干涉检验30 7基于SolidWorks的运动仿真36 7.1仿真的意义36 7.2运动仿真36 8实物装配39 8.1三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的实物装配39 8.2三轴联动激光切/雕一体机的加工参数40 结论42 致谢43 参考文献44