油菜移栽机送苗机构设计 RAPE TRANSPLANTING MACHING FEEDING MECHANISM DESIGN 油菜移栽机送苗机构设计 摘要：移栽是油菜生产的重要环节，南方油菜移栽生产周期短、劳动强度大、生产效率低，并且目前油菜移栽机多为半自动化。本次设计针对目前油菜移栽机多为半自动的现状，通过油菜幼苗移栽机的自动送苗，提高自动化程度，提高生产率。其中自动送苗机构主要是由横向送苗和纵向送苗两部分组成，通过这两部分的配合传动，使苗盘实现“弓”字型运动，方便机械手在准确时间、准确地点取苗。横向送苗机构由三销槽轮机构与圆柱凸轮机构组成，移栽机的地轮通过链传动传动动力，从而带动槽轮机构中的拨盘带动槽轮来进行间歇运动，槽轮的运动又带动与其同轴的圆柱凸轮往复运动，通过一根连杆带动苗盘横向送苗。纵向送苗机构通过步进电机输送动力，带动传动轴以及单销槽轮机构与同步带轮运动，从而达到纵向送苗的目的。 关键词：移栽机;自动送苗;间歇运动;往复运动 Rape Tra
nspla
nti
ng Machi
ne Feedi
ng Mecha
nism Desig
n Abstract: Tra
nspla
nti
ngis a
n importa
nt li
nk ofrapeseed productio
n, souther
nrape tra
nspla
nti
ng short productio
n cycle, high labor i
nte
nsity, low productio
n efficie
ncy,a
ndthetra
nspla
nti
ng machi
nefor the semiautomatio
n.This desig
n i
n view of the prese
ntsituatio
n ofrape tra
nspla
nti
ng machi
neissemi-automatic,therape seedli
ngtra
nspla
nti
ng machi
neautomatic seedli
ng feedi
ng,improve the degree of automatio
n,improve productivity.The automatic seedli
ng feedi
ng mecha
nismis mai
nly composed oftra
nsversea
nd lo
ngitudi
nalfeedi
ng seedli
ngseedli
ng feedi
ngis composed of two parts,with thetra
nsmissio
nof these two parts,theseedli
ngdisc"bow"shape,co
nve
nie
ntmecha
nical ha
ndi
nthe correct time,accurate locatio
n ofseedli
ng.Tra
nsverseseedli
ng feedi
ng mecha
nismis composed of threepi
n wheelhouse mecha
nisma
ndcam mecha
nism,tra
nspla
nti
ng machi
newheelthrough thechai
n tra
nsmissio
npower,which led tothe Ge
neva mecha
nismdrive
n by theGe
nevadialto i
ntermitte
nt motio
n,the reciprocati
ng motio
n ofcyli
ndrical camGe
nevamotio
ndrivescoaxial,through aco
n
necti
ng rod drives theseedli
ngthe tra
nsversefeedi
ngseedli
ngdisc.Vertical feedi
ng seedli
ng mecha
nism through the stepper motor tra
nsport power, to drive the tra
nsmissio
n shaft a
nd the pi
n groove wheel mecha
nism a
nd sy
nchro
nous belt wheel moveme
nt, so as to achieve the vertical feedi
ng seed. Keywords: Tra
nspla
nti
ng Machi
ne; Automatic se
nd Seedli
ngs; I
ntermitte
nt Moveme
nt; Reciprocati
ng Motio
n 目录 摘要……………………………………………………………………………1 关键词…………………………………………………………………………1 1前言……………………………………………………………………………2 1.1课题研究的目的与意义……………………………………………………………2 1.2国内外移栽机的研究现状…………………………………………………………3 1.2.1国外现状…………………………………………………………………………3 1.2.2国内现状…………………………………………………………………………4 1.3研究内容…………………………………………………………………………6 1.4本章小结……………………………………………………………………………6 2油菜幼苗的农艺特性研究……………………………………………………………6 2.1油菜育苗方式………………………………………………………………………6 2.2幼苗的农艺特性……………………………………………………………………7 2.3苗盘输送轨迹分析…………………………………………………………………8 2.4本章小结…………………………………………………………………………8 3送苗机构总体方案拟定………………………………………………………………9 3.1送苗机构工作原理…………………………………………………………………9 3.2送苗机构方案拟定……………………………………………………………9 3.3送苗机构主要参数设计………… ………………………………………………11 3.4本章小结…………………………………………………………………………11 4传动机构设计………………………………………………………………………11 4.1传动机构参数设计………………………………………………………………12 4.1.1步进电机的选择…………………………………………………………………12 4.1.2传动比确定……………………………………………………………………12 4.1.3传动轴参数设计…………………………………………………………………12 4.2链传动设计计算…………………………………………………………………13 4.2.1一级链传动设计…………………………………………………………………13 4.2.2二级链传动……………………………………………………………………15 4.3齿轮传动设计……………………………………………………………………17 4.3.1选择齿轮类型，材料及齿数……………………………………………………17 4.3.2按齿面接触疲劳强度设计………………………………………………………17 4.3.3按齿根弯曲疲劳强度设计………………………………………………………18 4.3.4几何尺寸计算…………………………………………………………………20 4.3.5齿面接触疲劳强度校核…………………………………………………………20 4.3.6齿根弯曲疲劳强度校核…………………………………………………………21 4.4传动轴设计………………………………………………………………………21 4.4.1轴1设计…………………………………………………………………………21 4.4.2轴3设计…………………………………………………………………………24 4.4.3轴4设计…………………………………………………………………………25 4.5本章小结…………………………………………………………………………25 5间歇机构设计………………………………………………………………………25 5.1横向间歇送苗机构设计…………………………………………………………26 5.1.1槽轮机构参数设计………………………………………………………………26 5.1.2圆柱凸轮机构设计………………………………………………………………27 5.1.3圆柱凸轮轴设计…………………………………………………………………30 5.2纵向间歇送苗机构设计…………………………………………………………31 5.2.1带传动设计………………………………………………………………………31 5.2.2单销槽轮机构设计………………………………………………………………32 5.2.3转轴设计…………………………………………………………………………33 5.3本章小结…………………………………………………………………………35 6结束语…………………………………………………………………………35 参考文献…………………………………………………………………………35 致谢…………………………………………………………………………36