机械5

原油-汽油浮头式换热器设计 [摘要]换热器是用于各种物料之间进行热量传递的过程设备。 在浮头换热器设计过程中，严格按照GB150-98《钢制压力容器》和GB151-99《钢制管壳式换热器》等标准进行设计和计算。 在本次的设计过程中，包括了两个部分：计算部分和绘图部分。计算部分主要是对筒体、封头、管板、换热管、法兰、折流板、拉杆、鞍座等进行了设计和选型,并且，对壳体和管箱进行了开孔补强计算，最终选择了浮头式换热器。除此之外，还参阅相关的设计手册及大量的文献，完成了一张总装配图和4张零件图的绘制。 [关键词]：换热器，浮头，设计 Crude oil-?gasoli
ne heat excha
nger desig
n [Abstract] Heat excha
nger i
n oil refi
ni
ng,petrochemical,a
ndwidely used i
n other professio
ns,it is suitable for cooli
ng,heati
ng,evaporatio
n a
nd co
nde
nsatio
n,heat recovery,a
ndvarious other aspects. Amo
ng them,shell-a
nd-tube heat excha
nger i
n the heat tra
nsfer efficie
ncy,size of equipme
nt a
nd metal co
nsumptio
n tha
n other
new type of heat-excha
nge equipme
nt,but it has a stro
ng structure,flexibility,high reliability,widely used a
nd so o
n,so the project is still bei
ngwidely used. Structure desig
n of shell-a
nd-tube heat excha
nger,is to e
nsure that the heat excha
nger a
nd the quality of life,you must co
nsider ma
ny factors,such as material,pressure,temperature a
ndwall temperature differe
nce,scali
ng,fluid properties,aswell as mai
nte
na
nce a
nd clea
ni
ng,a
nd so o
n to choose a
n appropriate structure. With a form of heat excha
ngers,for avariety of co
nditio
ns,ofte
n used structures are
not the same. I
n the e
ngi
neeri
ng desig
n, i
n additio
n to the series of trai
ni
ng as much as possible, it is ofte
n desig
ned accordi
ng to its ow
n specific co
nditio
ns to meet the
needs of the tech
nology(the most efficie
nt a
nd eco
nomical ma
nufacturi
ng of heat excha
ngers supported by the most reaso
nable a
nd appropriate co
nditio
ns, So o
n). [Keywords]shell-a
nd-tube heat excha
nger;use;heat excha
nger 目录 1前言1 1.1换热器的应用1 1.2换热器的主要分类1 1.3换热器简介6 1.4选择换热器类型6 2工艺计算7 2.1设计条件7 2.2初算换热器传热面积7 2.3压力降的计算13 2.4换热器的壁温计算14 3换热器的结构设计及强度的计算16 3.1壳体与管箱厚度的确定16 3.2开孔补强计算18 3.3水压试验22 3.4换热管23 3.5管板设计24 3.6折流板28 3.7拉杆与定距管29 3.8防冲板31 3.9保温层31 3.10法兰与垫片31 3.11钩圈式浮头33 3.12分程隔板39 3.13鞍座39 3.14接管的最小位置41 4总结43 参考文献44 致谢45