机械5

F360U型管式换热器设计 摘要 本次设计课题为F360U型管式换热器，管式换热器的组成部分有：壳体、管体和管子，管箱，折流板，接管，支座等零件和其他附件。本次设计的U型管换热器为单壳程双管程，将管体的两端均匀的固定在一个管板上，让管体可以自由的收缩，使它具有高的热补偿性和较低的热应力；此次设计中采用的是双管程，双管程的好处有，它的流动速比较快，其中流动过程变长，管程承受压力能力高，有较好的传热性；同时应为管体可以轻松取出，大大的降低了它的清洁和维修难度，使得它的制造成本变低。其中管的排列比较密集，在管的规格相同的情况下，它的生产制造也比较简单。在使用时管程受热为430℃，承受压力是1.2MPa，采用的介质是烟道气；使用时壳程受热为90℃，所受压力是1.15MPa,采用的介质是水；它的换热面积360㎡。 其中主要过程有主体的结构设计，材料的选择和零部件的设计，强度计算和校核，加工工艺等。换热器的设计需要注意：管体的排布形式及尺寸、圆筒、管板的材料选择和厚度加工以及防冲板等等。 关键词：U型管换热器；壳程；管壳；强度计算；零件设计 ABSTRACT The desig
n of the use of dual-tube process, the adva
ntages of the two-pipe process, it's faster flow,which the flow of the lo
ng process, the pressure towithsta
nd high capacity, a better heat tra
nsfer a
nd pipe, tube box, baffle plate, take over, support a
nd other parts a
nd other accessories. The desig
n of the U-tube heat excha
nger for the si
ngle shell double pipe, the pipe body at both e
nds of the u
niform fixed o
n a tube board, so that the tube ca
n be freely co
ntracted, so that it has high heat compe
nsatio
n a
nd low thermal stress, the pipe is used i
n two-pipe process, its adva
ntages are, the flow rate is faster, the process is lo
ng, high pressure capacity, a better heat tra
nsfer; At the same time, the tube ca
n be easily removed, greatly reduci
ng the difficulty of its clea
ni
ng a
nd mai
nte
na
nce, maki
ng it lower ma
nufacturi
ng costs. The arra
ngeme
nt of the pipe is more de
nse, i
n the case of the same specificatio
n, its productio
n a
nd ma
nufacture is relatively simple. I
n use, the tube is heated to 430℃, the pressure is 1.2MPa, the medium used is flue gas,whe
n the shell is heated to 90℃, the pressure is 1.15MPa, the medium used iswater, a
nd its heat excha
nge area of 360 square meters. The mai
n process has the mai
n structure desig
n, material selectio
n a
nd parts desig
n, stre
ngth calculatio
n a
nd check, processi
ng tech
nology. The desig
n of heat excha
nger
needs atte
ntio
n: the arra
ngeme
nt form a
nd size of the tube body, the material selectio
n a
nd thick
ness processi
ng of the tube plate a
nd the pu
nchi
ng board etc. Keywords: U-Tube heat excha
nger, shell process, pipe process, medium structure desig
n, parts 目录 1绪论2 2结构设计4 2.1材料选择4 2.2结构设计5 . 2.3零部件结构设计5 3强度计算与校核9 3.1管箱筒体计算9 3.2壳体设计10 3.3管板设计10 3.4法兰强度计算与校核16 3.5开孔补强计算18 4加工工艺20 4.1换热器的制造20 4.2换热器的安装20 5安全与防腐蚀22 5.1换热器的安全检测22 5.2换热器的防腐蚀22 总结23 致谢24 参考文献25